Operation Enduring Freedom - Horn of Africa

Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa
French Naval commandos (green) and United States soldiers from the 3rd Infantry Regiment (tan) participate in an exercise at Djibouti in June 2004.
Date 7 October 2002 – ongoing (14 years, 3 months, 3 weeks and 3 days) Location Horn of Africa and Gulf of Aden Result Ongoing 21 high level Al-Shabaab leaders killed
Belligerents
NATO:  Belgium  Canada  Denmark  France  Germany  Greece  Italy  Netherlands  Portugal  Spain  Turkey  United Kingdom  United States CJTF-HOA allies:  Djibouti  Somalia  Ethiopia  Sudan  Seychelles  Kenya Non-NATO allies:  Australia  Azerbaijan  China  Colombia  European Union  India  Indonesia  Japan  Kazakhstan  Kyrgyzstan  Malaysia  New Zealand  Pakistan  Russia  Singapore  South Korea  Tajikistan  Thailand  Turkmenistan  Uganda  Ukraine  Uzbekistan	Insurgents: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (from 2015) al-Qaeda (from 2002) Harakat al-Shabaab Mujahedeen (from 2006) al-Itihaad al-Islamiya (Dis) Islamic Courts Union (Dis) Hizbul Islam (Dis) Alliance for the Re-liberation of Somalia (Dis) Ras Kamboni Brigades (Dis) Jabhatul Islamiya (Dis) Mu'askar Anole (Dis) Pirates: Somali Marines National Volunteer Coast Guard (NVCG) Marka group Puntland Group Yemeni Pirates
Commanders and leaders
Wayne W. Grigsby, Jr. John F. Sattler* Timothy F. Ghormley* Richard W. Hunt* James M. Hart* Philip H. Greene, Jr.* Anthony M. Kurta* Terry Ferrell*	Ahmad Umar Abdul Qadir Mumin Hassan Dahir Aweys* Sharif Sheikh Ahmed* Adan Eyrow  † Abu Mansoor* Abdirahman Godane  † Omar Iman Abubakar* Hassan Turki  † Mohamed Hayle* Mukhtar Abu Ali Aisha* Saleh Ali Saleh Nabhan  † Fazul Mohammed  † Garaad Mohamed* Indho Ade* Mohamed Garfanji*
Casualties and losses
United States 31 non-combat fatalities (see below)	Islamic insurgents: 290-521 militants killed (American operations only) Pirates: More than 1,200 captured
10–57 civilians killed (American operations only)
Dis: Disbanded *: Former commanders

Ongoing

 NATO:

CJTF-HOA allies:

Non-NATO allies:

Insurgents:

Pirates:

Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa (OEF-HOA) is the name of the military operation defined by the United States as combating militant Islamism and piracy in the Horn of Africa. It is one component of Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), which includes eight African states stretching from the far northeast of the continent to the oil-rich Gulf of Guinea in the west. The other OEF mission in Africa is known as Operation Enduring Freedom – Trans Sahara (OEF-TS), which, until the creation of the new United States Africa Command, was run from the United States European Command.

The Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa (CJTF-HOA) is the primary (but not sole) military component assigned to accomplish the objectives of the mission. The naval component is the multinational Combined Task Force 150 (CTF-150) which operates under the direction of the United States Fifth Fleet. Both of these organizations have been historically part of United States Central Command. In February 2007, United States President George W. Bush announced the establishment of the United States Africa Command which took over all of the area of operations of CJTF-HOA in October 2008.

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