Portuguese Republic República Portuguesa
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Location of Portugal (dark green)
– in Europe (green & dark grey) |
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Capital and largest city |
Lisbon 38°46′N 9°9′W / 38.767°N 9.150°W |
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Official languages | Portuguese | ||||
Recognised regional languages | Mirandese | ||||
Ethnic groups (2011) |
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Demonym | Portuguese | ||||
Government | Unitary semi-presidential republic | ||||
Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa | |||||
Eduardo Ferro Rodrigues | |||||
António Costa | |||||
Legislature | Assembly of the Republic | ||||
Formation | |||||
868 | |||||
1095 | |||||
24 June 1128 | |||||
• Kingdom
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26 July 1139 | ||||
5 October 1143 | |||||
23 May 1179 | |||||
1 December 1640 | |||||
• Republic
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5 October 1910 | ||||
25 April 1974 | |||||
25 April 1976 | |||||
1 January 1986 | |||||
Area | |||||
• Total
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92,212 km2 (35,603 sq mi) (111th) | ||||
• Water (%)
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0.5 | ||||
Population | |||||
• 2015 estimate
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10,341,330 (83rd) | ||||
• 2011 census
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10,562,178 | ||||
• Density
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115/km2 (297.8/sq mi) (97th) | ||||
GDP (PPP) | 2016 estimate | ||||
• Total
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$296 billion (50th) | ||||
• Per capita
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$28,476 (40th) | ||||
GDP (nominal) | 2016 estimate | ||||
• Total
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$204.186 billion (43th) | ||||
• Per capita
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$19,611 (36th) | ||||
Gini (2013) |
34.2 medium |
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HDI (2014) |
0.830 very high · 43rd |
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Currency | Euro (€) (EUR) | ||||
Time zone |
WET (UTC) AZOT (UTC−1) |
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• Summer (DST)
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WEST (UTC+1) AZOST (UTC) |
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Note: Mainland Portugal and Madeira use WET/WEST, the Azores use AZOT/AZOST | |||||
Antipodes |
New Zealand and Pacific Ocean |
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Date format | dd/mm/yyyy | ||||
Drives on the | right | ||||
Calling code | +351 | ||||
ISO 3166 code | PT | ||||
Internet TLD | .pt | ||||
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– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)
Portugal (Portuguese: [puɾtuˈɣaɫ]), officially the Portuguese Republic (Portuguese: República Portuguesa) (Portuguese: [ʁɨ'publikɐ puɾtu'ɣezɐ]) is a country on the Iberian Peninsula, in Southwestern Europe. It is the westernmost country of mainland Europe. To the west and south it is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean and to the east and north by Spain. The Portugal–Spain border is 1,214 kilometres (754 miles) long and considered the longest uninterrupted border within the European Union. The republic also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira, both autonomous regions with their own regional governments.
The territory of modern Portugal has been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times. The Pre-Celts, Celts, Phoenicians, Carthaginians and the Romans were followed by the invasions of the Visigothic and the Suebi Germanic peoples. In 711 the Iberian Peninsula was invaded by the Moors and for the following centuries Portugal would be part of Muslim Al Andalus. Portugal was born as a result of the Christian Reconquista, and in 1139, Afonso Henriques was proclaimed King of Portugal, thus firmly establishing Portuguese independence.