Portuguese Restoration War

Portuguese Restoration War
The Acclamation of the King John IV; Veloso Salgado.
Date 1 December 1640 – 13 February 1668 Location Iberian Peninsula Result Decisive Portuguese victory: Treaty of Lisbon Charles II of Spain recognizes the sovereignty of the House of Braganza over Portugal and its colonial possessions Territorial changes Portugal cedes Ceuta to Castile.
Belligerents
Kingdom of Portugal Military Support:  France (1641-59)  Kingdom of England (1662-68)	Crown of Spain
Commanders and leaders
John IV Afonso VI Duke of Beja Marquis of Marialva Count of Vila Flor Count of Mértola Count of Alegrete	Philip IV & III Marquis of Carpio John of Austria Duke of Osuna Marquis of Caracena

Decisive Portuguese victory:

The Portuguese Restoration War (Portuguese: Guerra da Restauração; Spanish: Guerra de Restauración portuguesa) was the name given by nineteenth-century 'romantic' historians to the war between Portugal and Spain that began with the Portuguese revolution of 1640 and ended with the Treaty of Lisbon in 1668. The revolution of 1640 ended the 60-year rule of Portugal by the Spanish Habsburgs. The period from 1640 to 1668 was marked by periodic skirmishes between Portugal and Spain, as well as short episodes of more serious warfare, much of it occasioned by Spanish and Portuguese entanglements with non-Iberian powers. Spain was involved in the Thirty Years' War until 1648 and the Franco–Spanish War until 1659, while Portugal was involved in the Dutch–Portuguese War until 1663.

In the seventeenth century and afterwards, this period of sporadic conflict was simply known, in Portugal and elsewhere, as the Acclamation War. The war established the House of Braganza as Portugal's new ruling dynasty, replacing the House of Habsburg. This ended the so-called Iberian Union.

When Philip II of Portugal died, he was succeeded by Philip III, who had a different approach to Portuguese issues. Taxes on the Portuguese merchants were raised, the Portuguese nobility began to lose its influence at the Spanish Cortes, and government posts in Portugal were increasingly occupied by Spaniards. Ultimately, Philip III tried to make Portugal a Spanish province, and Portuguese nobles stood to lose all of their power.

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