Frederick Schomberg, 1st Duke of Schomberg

Friedrich Hermann von Schönberg (or in French: Frédéric-Armand; Portuguese: Armando Frederico), 1st Duke of Schomberg, in the Peerage of England, 1st Count of Mertola, in the Portuguese nobility, KG (6 December 1615 – 1 July 1690), was a marshal of France and a General in the British and Portuguese Army. He was killed at the Battle of the Boyne in 1690.

Descended from an old family of the Electorate of the Palatinate, he was born at Heidelberg, the son of Hans Meinard von Schönberg (1582–1616) and Anne, daughter of Edward Sutton, 5th Baron Dudley. An orphan within a few months of his birth, he was educated by various friends, among whom was Frederick V, Elector Palatine, in whose service his father had been. He began his military career under Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, and passed (1634) into the service of Sweden, entering that of France in 1635. His family, and the allied house of the Saxon Schönbergs had already attained eminence in France.

After a time he retired to his family estate at Geisenheim on the Rhine, but in 1639 he re-entered the Dutch States Army, in which, apparently, apart from a few intervals at Geisenheim, he remained until about 1650. He then rejoined the French army as a general officer (maréchal de camp), served under Turenne in the campaigns against Condé, and became a lieutenant-general in 1665, receiving this rapid promotion perhaps partly owing to his relationship with Charles de Schomberg, duc d'Halluin.

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