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Non Residential Indian

Non-Resident Indian and Person of Indian Origin
Flag of India.svg
Total population
c. 30.8 million (December 2016)
Regions with significant populations
 United States 4,460,000
 Saudi Arabia 3,004,585
 Malaysia 3,986,274
 United Arab Emirates 2,803,751
 Myanmar 2,008,337
 Pakistan 2,000,000
 United Kingdom 1,825,000
 South Africa1 1,560,000
 Sri Lanka 1,614,000
 Canada 1,016,185
 Kuwait 923,260
 Mauritius 994,500
 Oman 990,001
 Singapore 950,000
 Qatar 900,000
   Nepal 690,000
 Australia 619,164
 Trinidad and Tobago 556,800
 Thailand 465,000
 Bahrain 400,000
 Guyana 327,000
 Fiji 315,000
 Réunion 220,000
 New Zealand 186,100
 Italy 160,000
 The Netherlands 156,000
 Suriname 148,000
 Indonesia 120,000
 Germany 110,204
 Kenya 110,000
 Jamaica 93,000
 Ireland 91,520
 Israel 80,000
 Mozambique 70,000
 Portugal 70,000
 Metropolitan France 65,000
 Guadeloupe 60,000
 Tanzania 50,000
 Martinique 43,600
 Spain 35,000
Languages
Languages of India and various languages of the countries they inhabit
Religion
Predominantly:
Hinduism
Minorities:
Related ethnic groups
Indian people

A Non-Resident Indian (NRI) is a citizen of India who holds an Indian passport and has temporarily emigrated to another country for six months or more for employment, residence, education or any other purpose. A Person of Indian Origin (PIO) is a person of Indian origin or ancestry who is not a citizen of India, but is a citizen of another country. A PIO might have been a citizen of India and subsequently taken the citizenship of another country, or have ancestors born in India or other states.

According to a survey conducted by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, India has the largest diaspora population in the world.

Strictly speaking, the term says non-resident refers only to the tax status of a person who, as per section 6 of the Income-tax Act of 1961, has not resided in India for a specified period for the purposes of the Income Tax Act. The rates of income tax are different for persons who are "resident in India" and for NRIs. For the purposes of the Income Tax Act, "residence in India" requires stay in India of at least 182 days in a financial year or 365 days spread out over four consecutive years. According to the act, any Indian citizen who does not meet the criteria as a "resident of India" is a non-resident of India and is treated as NRI for paying income tax.

A Person of Indian Origin (PIO) means a foreign citizen (except a national of Pakistan, Afghanistan Bangladesh, China, Iran, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and Nepal)

After multiple efforts by leadership across the Indian political spectrum, a pseudo citizenship scheme was established, the "Overseas Citizenship of India". The card is available to certain PIOs, and while it affords holders residency and other rights, it does have restrictions, and is not considered to be any type of Indian citizenship from a constitutional perspective.

Coinciding with Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Australia visit in November 2014, the Indian community in Australia had launched an online campaign, appealing to him to grant dual citizenship to overseas Indians.The petition has also sought granting Indian passports to overseas citizens of Indian heritage with full political and economic rights, granting of convenient voting rights to such dual passport-holding overseas Indians as well as overseas Indians with Indian passports (NRIs), which can be exercised either at the consulate, high commission or embassy premises in their country of residence and through postal or online facilities.


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