Ashkenazi Jews
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| (10–11.2 million) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 United States |
5–6 million |
 Israel |
2.8 million |
 Russia |
194,000–500,000 |
 Argentina
|
300,000 |
 United Kingdom
|
260,000 |
 Canada
|
240,000 |
 France
|
200,000 |
 Germany
|
200,000 |
 Ukraine
|
150,000 |
 Australia
|
120,000 |
 South Africa
|
80,000 |
 Belarus
|
80,000 |
 Hungary
|
75,000 |
 Chile
|
70,000 |
 Belgium
|
30,000 |
 Brazil
|
30,000 |
 Netherlands
|
30,000 |
 Moldova
|
30,000 |
 Poland
|
25,000 |
 Mexico
|
18,500 |
 Sweden
|
18,000 |
 Latvia
|
10,000 |
 Romania
|
10,000 |
 Austria
|
9,000 |
 New Zealand
|
5,000 |
 Azerbaijan
|
4,300 |
 Lithuania
|
4,000 |
 Czech Republic
|
3,000 |
 Slovakia
|
3,000 |
 Estonia
|
1,000 |
| Languages | |
|
Yiddish Modern: Local languages, primarily:English, Hebrew, Russian |
|
| Religion | |
| Judaism, some secular, irreligious | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Sephardi Jews, Mizrahi Jews, Samaritans,Kurds, other Levantines (Druze, Assyrians,Arabs), Mediterranean groups | |
Ashkenazi Jews, also known as Ashkenazic Jews or simply Ashkenazim (Hebrew: אַשְׁכְּנַזִּים, Ashkenazi Hebrew pronunciation: [ˌaʃkəˈnazim], singular: [ˌaʃkəˈnazi], Modern Hebrew: [aʃkenaˈzim, aʃkenaˈzi]; also יְהוּדֵי אַשְׁכֲּנַז Y'hudey Ashkenaz), are a Jewish diaspora population who coalesced as a distinct community in the Holy Roman Empire around the end of the first millennium. The traditional diaspora language of Ashkenazi Jews is Yiddish (which incorporates several dialects), while until recently Hebrew was only used as a sacred language.
The Ashkenazim settled and established communities throughout Central and Eastern Europe, which was their primary region of concentration and residence from the Middle Ages until recent times. They subsequently evolved their own distinctive culture and diasporic identities. Throughout their time in Europe, the Ashkenazim have made many important contributions to philosophy, scholarship, literature, art, music, and science.
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