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Afsharid Dynasty

Afsharid dynasty
افشاریان
Afsharian
1736–1796
Flag Emblem
The Afsharid Persian Empire at its greatest extent under Nader Shah
Capital Mashhad
Languages Persian (official language; court language; civil & fiscal administration)
Turkic (military administration)
Government Absolute Monarchy
Shahanshah
 •  1736–1747 Nader Shah
 •  1747–1748 Adil Shah
 •  1748 Ebrahim Afshar
 •  1748–1796 Shahrukh Afshar
History
 •  Established 22 January 1736
 •  Disestablished 1796
Area 4,500,000 km² (1,737,460 sq mi)
Currency toman
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Safavid dynasty
Hotaki dynasty
Durrani Empire
Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti
Zand dynasty
Qajar Dynasty
Today part of  Uzbekistan
 Iran
 Turkmenistan
 Tajikistan
 Kyrgyzstan
 Kazakhstan
 Azerbaijan
 Georgia
 Armenia
 Afghanistan
 Pakistan
 India
 Iraq
 Kuwait
 Turkey
 Russia
 Oman
 United Arab Emirates
 Bahrain

The Afsharids (Persian: افشاریان‎‎) were members of an Iranian dynasty which originated from the Turkic Afshar tribe in Iran's north-eastern province of Khorasan, ruling Persia in the mid-eighteenth century. The dynasty was founded in 1736 by the brilliant military commander Nader Shah, who deposed the last member of the Safavid dynasty and proclaimed himself Shah of Iran. During Nader's reign, Iran reached its greatest extent since the Sassanid Empire, and at its height it controlled modern day Iran, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, most of the North Caucasus (Dagestan, Kabardino-Balkaria, and parts of modern-day Chechnya), Afghanistan, Bahrain, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Pakistan, and parts of Iraq, Turkey, North India, and Oman. After his death, most of his empire was divided between the Zands, Durranis, Georgians, and the Caucasian khanates, while Afsharid rule was confined to a small local state in Khorasan. Finally, the Afsharid dynasty was overthrown by Mohammad Khan Qajar in 1796, who would establish a new native Iranian empire and restore Iranian suzerainty over several of the aforementioned regions.


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