The Islamic Republic of Iran
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Islamic Republic of Iran
جمهوری اسلامی ایران
Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irān |
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Motto:
استقلال، آزادی، جمهوری اسلامی Esteqlāl, Āzādi, Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi "Independence, freedom, the Islamic Republic" (de facto) |
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| Capital and largest city |
Tehran 35°41′N 51°25′E / 35.683°N 51.417°E |
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| Official languages | Persian | ||||
| Recognized regional languages | |||||
| Religion |
Official: Islam (Shia) Other recognized religions: |
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| Demonym | Iranian, Persian | ||||
| Government |
de jure: Islamic Republic de facto: Theocratic-republican hybrid; unitary presidential republic subject to a Supreme Leader |
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| Ali Khamenei | |||||
| Hassan Rouhani | |||||
| Ali Larijani | |||||
| Sadeq Larijani | |||||
| Legislature | Islamic Consultative Assembly | ||||
| Unification | |||||
| c. 678 BC | |||||
| 550 BC | |||||
| 247 BC | |||||
| 224 AD | |||||
| 1501 | |||||
| 1 April 1979 | |||||
| 24 October 1979 | |||||
| 28 July 1989 | |||||
| Area | |||||
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• Total
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1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi) (17th) | ||||
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• Water (%)
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0.7 | ||||
| Population | |||||
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• 2016 estimate
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82.8 million (18th) | ||||
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• Density
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48/km2 (124.3/sq mi) (162nd) | ||||
| GDP (PPP) | 2016 estimate | ||||
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• Total
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$1.459 trillion (18th) | ||||
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• Per capita
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$18,135 | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2016 estimate | ||||
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• Total
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$412.3 billion (27th) | ||||
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• Per capita
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$5,124 | ||||
| Gini (2013) | 37.4 medium |
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| HDI (2014) |
 0.766high · 69th |
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| Currency | Rial () (IRR) | ||||
| Time zone | IRST (UTC+3:30) | ||||
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• Summer (DST)
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IRDT (UTC+4:30) | ||||
| Date format | yyyy/mm/dd (SH) | ||||
| Drives on the | right | ||||
| Calling code | +98 | ||||
| ISO 3166 code | IR | ||||
| Internet TLD | |||||
Iran (/ɪˈrɑːn/ 
, also /ɪˈræn/;Persian: ایران Irān [ʔiːˈɾɒːn] ), also known as Persia (US /ˈpɜːrʒə/, UK /ˈpɜːrʃə/), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irān [d͡ʒomhuːˌɾiːje eslɒːˌmiːje ʔiːˈɾɒːn]), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. It is bordered to the northwest by Armenia, the de facto Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, and Azerbaijan; to the north by the Caspian Sea; to the northeast by Turkmenistan; to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan; to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman; and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. Comprising a land area of 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi), it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 18th-largest in the world. With 82.8 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 17th-most-populous country. It is the only country with both a Caspian Sea and an Indian Ocean coastline. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, make it of great geostrategic importance.Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic center.
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