2015 largest resident foreign-born groups
Country of birth	Population
Romania	2,292
Albania	1,697
Peru	812
Ukraine	801
Senegal	722
Morocco	617
Philippine	491
China	473
Moldova	304
Nigeria	288
Tunisia	263
Dominican Republic	236
Poland	229
Bangladesh	197
Ecuador	147
Pakistan	142
Bulgaria	135
India	127
Republic of Macedonia	119
Russia	118
Brasil	105

Livorno (Italian: [liˈvorno]) is a port city on the Ligurian Sea on the western coast of Tuscany, Italy. It is the capital of the Province of Livorno, having a population of 159,431 residents in February 2015. It has traditionally been known in English as Leghorn, pronounced /lɛˈɡɔːrn/ leg-AWRN, or /ˈlɛɡhɔːrn/ LEG-hawrn.

The origin of Livorno is dubious, although the place was inhabited since the Neolithic Age as shown by worked bones, pieces of copper and ceramic found on the Livorno Hills in a cave between Ardenza and Montenero. The construction of the Via Aurelia coincided with the occupation of the region by the Romans, who left traces of their presence in the toponyms and ruins of towers. The natural cove called Liburna, later transformed in Livorna then in Livorno, is a reference to the type of ship, the liburna, used by Roman navy. Others ancient toponyms include: Salviano (Salvius), Antignano (Ante ignem) which was the place situated before Ardenza (Ardentia) where were the beacons for the ships directed to Porto Pisano.

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