Peru

Republic of Peru República del Perú  (Spanish) Piruw Republika  (Quechua) Piruw Suyu  (Aymara)
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Firme y feliz por la unión" (Spanish) "Firm and Happy for the Union"
Anthem: Himno Nacional del Perú  (Spanish) National Anthem of Peru
National seal: Gran Sello del Estado  (Spanish) Great Seal of the State
Capital and largest city	Lima 12°2.6′S 77°1.7′W / 12.0433°S 77.0283°W / -12.0433; -77.0283
Official languagesa	Spanish Quechua Aymara
Ethnic groups (2013)	45% Amerindian 37% Mestizo 15% White 3% others
Demonym	Peruvian
Government	Unitary presidential constitutional republic
• President	Pedro Pablo Kuczynski
• Prime Minister	Fernando Zavala Lombardi
• First Vice-President	Martín Vizcarra
• Second Vice-President	Mercedes Aráoz
Legislature	Congress
Independence from the Kingdom of Spain
• Declared	28 July 1821
• Consolidated	9 December 1824
• Recognized	14 August 1879
Area
• Total	1,285,216 km2 (496,225 sq mi) (19th)
• Water (%)	0.41
Population
• 2015 estimate	31,151,643
• 2007 census	28,220,764
• Density	23/km2 (59.6/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)	2016 estimate
• Total	$409.853 billion
• Per capita	$13,018
GDP (nominal)	2016 estimate
• Total	$180.291 billion
• Per capita	$5,726
Gini (2014)	44.1 medium
HDI (2014)	0.734 high · 84th
Currency	Sol (PEN)
Time zone	PET (UTC−5)
Date format	dd.mm.yyyy (CE)
Drives on the	right
Calling code	+51
ISO 3166 code	PE
Internet TLD	.pe
Quechua, Aymara and other indigenous languages are co-official in the areas where they predominate.

Coordinates: 10°S 76°W / 10°S 76°W / -10; -76

Peru (ⁱ/pəˈruː/; Spanish: Perú [peˈɾu]; Quechua: Piruw [pɪɾʊw];Aymara: Piruw [pɪɾʊw]), officially the Republic of Peru (Spanish:  República del Perú ), is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is an extremely biodiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains vertically extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon Basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon river.