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Iran–Iraq war

Iran–Iraq War
Part of the
Iran-Iraq war-gallery.png
Participation of child soldiers on Iranian front (top left); Bodies of Iranian civilians killed in the Iraqi invasion (top right); Port quarter view of USS Stark listing to port after being mistakenly struck by an Iraqi warplane (middle left); Pro-Iraq PMOI forces killed in Operation Mersad (middle right); Iraqi prisoners of war after the re-capture of Khorramshahr by Iranians (below left); ZU-23-2 being used by the Iranian Army (below right).
Date 22 September 1980 – 20 August 1988
(7 years, 10 months, 4 weeks and 1 day)
Location Iran, Iraq, Persian Gulf
Result

Stalemate

Territorial
changes
Status quo ante bellum; observed by United Nations Iran–Iraq Military Observer Group based on United Nations Security Council Resolution 619
Belligerents

 Iran
KDP
PUK
ISCI

Iraq
PMOI
KDPI

Commanders and leaders

Iran Ruhollah Khomeini
(Supreme Leader of Iran)

Iraq Saddam Hussein
(President of Iraq)

Units involved

Iranian Armed Forces

Peshmerga

Badr Brigade

Iraqi Armed Forces

National Defense Battalions

National Liberation Army of Iran
Strength
At the onset of the war:
110,000–150,000 soldiers,
1,700–2,100 tanks, (500 operable)
1,000 armoured vehicles,
300 operable artillery pieces,
485 fighter-bombers (~100 operable),
750 helicopters
After Iraq withdrew from Iran in 1982:
350,000 soldiers,
700 tanks,
2,700 armoured vehicles,
400 artillery pieces,
350 aircraft,
700 helicopters
early 1988:
600,000 soldiers,
1,000 operable tanks,
800 armoured vehicles,
600 heavy artillery pieces,
60–80 fighter-bombers,
70–90 helicopters
At the onset of the war:
200,000 soldiers,
2,800 tanks,
4,000 APCs,
1,400 artillery pieces,
380 fighter-bombers,
350 helicopters
After Iraq withdrew from Iran in 1982:
175,000 soldiers,
1,200 tanks,
2,300 armoured vehicles,
400 artillery pieces,
450 aircraft,
180 helicopters
At the end of the war:
1,500,000 soldiers,
~5,000 tanks,
8,500–10,000 APCs,
6,000–12,000 artillery pieces,
900 fighter-bombers,
1,000 helicopters
Casualties and losses

123,220–160,000 KIA and 60,711 MIA (Iranian claim)
200,000–600,000 killed (other estimates)
800,000 killed (Iraqi claim)
320,000–500,000 WIA
40,000–42,875 POW
11,000–16,000 civilian dead

Economic loss of US$627 billion

105,000–375,000 killed
250,000–500,000 (other estimates)
400,000 WIA
70,000 POW

Economic loss of $561 billion

100,000+ civilians killed on both sides
(not including 50,000–100,000 civilians killed in the Al-Anfal campaign)

¹ The exact number of Iraqi Shia that fought alongside Iran is unknown. The Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq and Islamic Dawa Party supported Iran during the war. Iran would sometimes organise divisions of Iraqi POWs to fight against Iraq.

Stalemate

 Iran
KDP
PUK
ISCI

Iraq
PMOI
KDPI


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