Kosovo crisis

Kosovo War

Clockwise from top-left: Yugoslav general staff headquarters damaged by NATO air strikes; a Yugo buried under rubble caused by NATO air strikes; memorial to local KLA commanders; a USAF F-15E taking off from Aviano Air Base

Date	5 March 1998 – 11 June 1999 (1 year, 3 months and 6 days)
Location	Kosovo (then part of FR Yugoslavia) Albania (Albanian & OSCE Claim)
Result	Kumanovo Treaty Yugoslav forces pull out of Kosovo United Nations Resolution 1244 NATO intervention debated Return of Albanian refugees Expulsion of over half of the Serb and other non-Albanian civilians KLA veterans join the UÇPMB, starting the Preševo insurgency Bulldozer Revolution in 2000
Territorial changes	No legal changes to Yugoslav borders according to the Resolution 1244, but effective political and economic separation of Kosovo from FR Yugoslavia under United Nations administration

Belligerents

KLA

NATO

Minor border incident:

Albania

FR Yugoslavia

Commanders and leaders

Adem Jashari †
Hashim Thaçi
Bilall Syla
Hamëz Jashari †
Sylejman Selimi
Ramush Haradinaj
Agim Çeku

Wesley Clark

Kudusi Lama

Slobodan Milošević
Dragoljub Ojdanić
Nebojša Pavković
Vlastimir Đorđević
Vladimir Lazarević

Sreten Lukić

Strength

17,000 – 20,000 KLA insurgents

cca. 80 aircraft
(Operation Eagle Eye)

1,031 aircraft
(Operation Allied Force)

30+ warships and submarines

85,000 soldiers (including 40,000 in and around Kosovo)
20,000 policemen
100 SAM sites
1,400 artillery pieces
(Both ground & air defence)
240 aircraft
2,032 armoured vehicles & tanks

Russian volunteers, unknown number

Casualties and losses

1,500 insurgents killed (per the KLA)
2,057 insurgents killed (per the HLC)

2 killed (non-combat) and 3 captured
2 aircraft shot down and 3 damaged
Two AH-64 Apaches and a AV-8B Harrier crashed (non-combat)
47 UAVs shot down

Possible unknown number of DGSE officers killed

Caused by KLA:
300+ soldiers killed (per the Yugoslav Army)
Caused by NATO:
1,008–1,200 killed
14 tanks, 18 APCs, 20 artillery pieces and 121 aircraft and helicopters destroyed

Caused by KLA and NATO:

1,035 killed (per the HLC)

8,661 Kosovar Albanian civilians killed or missing
90% of Kosovar Albanians displaced during the war(848,000–863,000 expelled from Kosovo, 590,000 Kosovar Albanians displaced within Kosovo)
1,730–3,500 Serb and other non-Albanian civilians killed or missing
230,000 Kosovo Serbs, Romani and other non-Albanian civilians displaced
/ 453–2,500 civilian deaths caused by NATO bombing (per the HLC and Tanjug; also includes 3 Chinese journalists killed)

13,548 civilians and fighters dead overall (Albanians, Serbs, Bosniaks, Roma)

Kumanovo Treaty

KLA

Minor border incident:

Adem Jashari †
Hashim Thaçi
Bilall Syla
Hamëz Jashari †
Sylejman Selimi
Ramush Haradinaj
Agim Çeku

...
Wikipedia