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Serbia and Montenegro

Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1992–2003)
Савезна Република Југославија
Savezna Republika Jugoslavija

State Union of Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006)
Државна Заједница Србија и Црна Гора
Državna Zajednica Srbija i Crna Gora
1992–2006
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem
Хеј, Словени
Hej, Sloveni
Hey, Slavs
Capital Belgrade
Languages Serbian
Government Confederation (2003–2006)
Federal republic (1992–2003)
President
 •  1992–1993 Dobrica Ćosić
 •  1993–1997 Zoran Lilić
 •  1997–2000 Slobodan Milošević
 •  2000–2003 Vojislav Koštunica
 •  2003–2006 Svetozar Marović
Prime Minister
 •  1992–1993 Milan Panić
 •  1993–1998 Radoje Kontić
 •  1998–2000 Momir Bulatović
 •  2000–2001 Zoran Žižić
 •  2001–2003 Dragiša Pešić
 •  2003–2006 Svetozar Marović
Historical era Post–Cold War
 •  Constitution 27 April 1992
 •  Established 28 April 1992
 •  UN membership 1 November 2000
 •  State union 4 February 2003
 •  Dissolution 3 June 2006
 •  Independence of Kosovo 17 February 2008
Area
 •  2006 102,350 km² (39,518 sq mi)
Population
 •  2006 est. 10,832,545 
     Density 105.8 /km²  (274.1 /sq mi)
Currency Serbia and Serbian parts of Kosovo
 • Yugoslav dinar (1992–2003)
 • Serbian dinar (2003–2006)
Montenegro and Albanian parts of Kosovo
 • Yugoslav dinar (1992–1999)
 • Deutsche Mark (1999–2002)
 • Euro (2002–2006)
Internet TLD .yu
Calling code +381
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Serbia
Montenegro
Today part of  Montenegro
 Serbia
 Kosovo
a. ^ After 2003, no city was the official capital, but legislative and executive institutions remained located in Belgrade. Podgorica served as the seat of the Supreme Court.
b. ^ Membership as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia; ISO 3166-1 = CS; UTC offset = +1.
c. ^ De facto currencies used in Montenegro and Albanian parts of Kosovo.
d. ^ Partially recognised state.

Serbia and Montenegro (Serbian: Србија и Црна Гора (СЦГ) / Srbija i Crna Gora (SCG)), officially the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro (Serbian: Државна Заједница Србија и Црна Гора (ДЗСЦГ) / Državna Zajednica Srbija i Crna Gora (DZSCG)), was a country in Southeast Europe, created from the two remaining republics of Yugoslavia after its breakup in 1992. The republics of Serbia and Montenegro together established a federation in 1992 as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY or FR Yugoslavia; Serbian: Савезна Република Југославија (СРЈ or СР Југославија) / Savezna Republika Jugoslavija (SRJ or SR Jugoslavija)).

The FRY aspired to be a sole legal successor to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, but those claims were opposed by other former republics. The United Nations also denied its request to automatically continue the membership of the former state. Eventually, after the overthrow of Slobodan Milošević from power as president of the federation in 2000, the country rescinded those aspirations and accepted the opinion of the Badinter Arbitration Committee about shared succession. It re-applied for UN membership on 27 October and was admitted on 1 November 2000.

The FRY was initially dominated by Slobodan Milošević as President of Serbia (1989–1997) and then President of Yugoslavia (1997–2000). Milošević installed and forced the removal of several federal presidents (such as Dobrica Ćosić) and prime ministers (Milan Panić). However, the Montenegrin government, initially enthusiastic supporters of Milošević, started gradually distancing themselves from his policies. That culminated in regime change in 1996–1998, when his former ally Milo Đukanović reversed his policies, became leader of Montenegro's ruling party and subsequently dismissed former Montenegrin leader Momir Bulatović, who remained loyal to the Milošević government. As Bulatović was given central positions in Belgrade from that time (as federal Prime Minister), Đukanović continued to govern Montenegro and further isolated it from Serbia, so that from 1996 to 2006, Montenegro and Serbia were only nominally one country—governance at every feasible level was conducted locally (Belgrade for Serbia and Podgorica for Montenegro).


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