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Bertholletia excelsa

Brazil nut tree
Bertholletia excelsa compose.jpg
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Lecythidaceae
Genus: Bertholletia
Bonpl.
Species: B. excelsa
Binomial name
Bertholletia excelsa
Humb. & Bonpl.
Brazil nuts, dried, unblanched, shelled
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy 2,743 kJ (656 kcal)
12.27 g
Starch 0.25 g
Sugars 2.33 g
Dietary fiber 7.5 g
66.43 g
Saturated 15.137 g
Monounsaturated 24.548 g
Polyunsaturated 20.577 g
14.32 g
Tryptophan 0.141 g
Threonine 0.362 g
Isoleucine 0.516 g
Leucine 1.155 g
Lysine 0.492 g
Methionine 1.008 g
Cystine 0.367 g
Phenylalanine 0.630 g
Tyrosine 0.420 g
Valine 0.756 g
Arginine 2.148 g
Histidine 0.386 g
Alanine 0.577 g
Aspartic acid 1.346 g
Glutamic acid 3.147 g
Glycine 0.718 g
Proline 0.657 g
Serine 0.683 g
Vitamins
Thiamine (B1)
(54%)
0.617 mg
Riboflavin (B2)
(3%)
0.035 mg
Niacin (B3)
(2%)
0.295 mg
Vitamin B6
(8%)
0.101 mg
Folate (B9)
(6%)
22 μg
Vitamin C
(1%)
0.7 mg
Vitamin E
(38%)
5.73 mg
Minerals
Calcium
(16%)
160 mg
Iron
(19%)
2.43 mg
Magnesium
(106%)
376 mg
Manganese
(57%)
1.2 mg
Phosphorus
(104%)
725 mg
Potassium
(14%)
659 mg
Sodium
(0%)
3 mg
Zinc
(43%)
4.06 mg
Other constituents
Water 3.48 g
Selenium 1917 μg
Beta-Sitosterol 64 mg

Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults.
Source: USDA Nutrient Database

The Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) is a South American tree in the family Lecythidaceae, and also the name of the tree's commercially harvested edible seeds.

The Brazil nut family is in the order Ericales, as are other well-known plants such as blueberries, cranberries, sapote, gutta-percha, tea, phlox and persimmons.

The Brazil nut tree is the only species in the monotypic genus Bertholletia. It is native to the Guianas, Venezuela, Brazil, eastern Colombia, eastern Peru, and eastern Bolivia. It occurs as scattered trees in large forests on the banks of the Amazon River, Rio Negro, Tapajós, and the Orinoco. The genus is named after the French chemist Claude Louis Berthollet.

The Brazil nut is a large tree, reaching 50 m (160 ft) tall and with a trunk 1 to 2 m (3.3 to 6.6 ft) in diameter, making it among the largest of trees in the Amazon rainforests. It may live for 500 years or more, and according to some authorities often reaches an age of 1,000 years. The stem is straight and commonly without branches for well over half the tree's height, with a large emergent crown of long branches above the surrounding canopy of other trees.

The bark is grayish and smooth. The leaves are dry-season deciduous, alternate, simple, entire or crenate, oblong, 20–35 cm (7.9–13.8 in) long and 10–15 cm (3.9–5.9 in) broad. The flowers are small, greenish-white, in panicles 5–10 cm (2.0–3.9 in) long; each flower has a two-parted, deciduous calyx, six unequal cream-colored petals, and numerous stamens united into a broad, hood-shaped mass.


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