Mahdist war
| Mahdist War | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Depiction of the Battle of Omdurman (1898). |
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Congo Free State Ethiopian Empire (1885–1889) Italy
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Mahdist Sudan | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
 Charles Gordon † Garnet Wolseley Herbert Kitchener Louis Napoléon Chaltin Yohannes IV † Oreste Baratieri Giuseppe Arimondi
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Muhammad Ahmad † Abdallahi ibn Muhammad † |
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The Mahdist War (Arabic: الثورة المهدية ath-Thawra al-Mahdī; 1881–99) was a British colonial war of the late 19th century, which was fought between the Mahdist Sudanese of the religious leader Muhammad Ahmad bin Abd Allah, who had proclaimed himself the "Mahdi" of Islam (the "Guided One"), and the forces of the Khedivate of Egypt, initially, and later the forces of Britain. Eighteen years of war resulted in the joint-rule state of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1899–1956), a condominium of the British Empire and the Kingdom of Egypt.
The British participation in the war is called the Sudan Campaign, which is vividly described in The River War: An Historical Account of the Reconquest of the Soudan (1899) by Winston Churchill, a participant in the war; other names for this war are the "Mahdist Revolt", the "Anglo–Sudan War" and the "Sudanese Mahdist Revolt".
Following the invasion by Muhammad Ali in 1819, Sudan was governed by an Egyptian administration. Because of the heavy taxes it imposed and because of the bloody start of the Turkish-Egyptian rule in Sudan, this colonial system was resented by the Sudanese people.
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