Greater Sydney

Sydney New South Wales
Sydney Harbour (landmarks include Sydney Opera House and Sydney Harbour Bridge)
Map of the Sydney metropolitan area
Sydney
Coordinates	33°51′54″S 151°12′34″E / 33.86500°S 151.20944°E / -33.86500; 151.20944Coordinates: 33°51′54″S 151°12′34″E / 33.86500°S 151.20944°E / -33.86500; 151.20944
Population	5,029,768 (2016) (1st)
• Density	400/km2 (1,000/sq mi) (2015)
Established	26 January 1788
Area	12,367.7 km2 (4,775.2 sq mi)(GCCSA)
Time zone	AEST (UTC+10)
• Summer (DST)	AEDT (UTC+11)
Location	877 km (545 mi) NE of Melbourne 923 km (574 mi) S of Brisbane 287 km (178 mi) NE of Canberra 3,936 km (2,446 mi) E of Perth 1,404 km (872 mi) E of Adelaide
LGA(s)	various (31)
County	Cumberland
State electorate(s)	various (49)
Federal Division(s)	various (24)
Mean max temp Mean min temp Annual rainfall 22.5 °C 73 °F 14.5 °C 58 °F 1,222.7 mm 48.1 in
Footnotes	Coordinates:

Significant overseas born populations
Country of birth	Population (2016)
China	224,685
United Kingdom	151,684
India	130,573
New Zealand	86,526
Vietnam	81,045
Philippines	75,480
Lebanon	55,979
South Korea	49,508
Hong Kong	40,577
Italy	40,492
Iraq	39,237
South Africa	35,313
Fiji	31,510
Nepal	30,424
Indonesia	29,989

Sydney (/ˈsɪdni/) is the state capital of New South Wales and the most populous city in Australia and Oceania. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds the world's largest natural harbour and sprawls about 70 km (43.5 mi) on its periphery towards the Blue Mountains to the west, Hawkesbury to the north and Macarthur to the south. Sydney is made up of 658 suburbs, 40 local government areas and 15 contiguous regions. Residents of the city are known as "Sydneysiders". As at June 2016 Sydney's estimated population was 5,029,768.

The Sydney area has been inhabited by indigenous Australians for at least 30,000 years. Lieutenant James Cook first landed at Kurnell in 1770, when navigating his way up the east coast of Australia on his ship, HMS Endeavour. It was not until 1788 when the First Fleet, which contained convicts and was led by Captain Arthur Phillip, arrived in Botany Bay to found Sydney as a penal colony, the first European settlement in Australia. Phillip named the city "Sydney" in recognition of The 1st Baron Sydney. Although urban development has destroyed much of the city's indigenous history, there continues to be examples of rock art and engravings located in the protected Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park.