Dissolution of Austria-Hungary
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Österreichisch-Ungarische Monarchie (German) Osztrák-Magyar Monarchia (Hungarian) |
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Motto Indivisibiliter ac Inseparabiliter "Indivisible and Inseparable" |
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Anthem Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser "God save Emperor Francis" |
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.svg) The Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1914
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| Capital | Vienna (main capital) and Budapest | ||||
| Languages |
Official: German, Hungarian |
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| Religion |
1910 census Majority: 76.6% Catholics (incl. 64-66% Roman & 10-12% Eastern)
Minorities:
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| Government | Constitutional monarchy, , Personal union (through dual monarchy) | ||||
| Emperor-King | |||||
| • | 1867–1916 | Franz Joseph I | |||
| • | 1916–1918 | Charles I & IV | |||
| Minister-President | |||||
| • | 1867 | Friedrich von Beust (first) | |||
| • | 1918 | Heinrich Lammasch (last) | |||
| Prime Minister | |||||
| • | 1867–1871 | Gyula Andrássy (first) | |||
| • | 1918 | János Hadik (last) | |||
| Legislature | Imperial Council, Diet of Hungary | ||||
| • | Upper house |
Herrenhaus, House of Magnates |
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| • | Lower house | Abgeordnetenhaus, House of Representatives | |||
| Historical era | New Imperialism/World War I | ||||
| • | 1867 Compromise | 1 March 1867 | |||
| • | Czechoslovak indep. | 28 October 1918 | |||
| • | State of SCS indep. | 29 October 1918 | |||
| • | Vojvodina lost to Serbia | 25 November 1918 | |||
| • | Dissolution | 11 November 1918 | |||
| • | Dissolution treaties | in 1919 and in 1920 | |||
| Area | |||||
| • | 1914 | 676,615 km2 (261,243 sq mi) | |||
| • | 1918 | 681,727 km2 (263,216 sq mi) | |||
| Population | |||||
| • | 1914 est. | 52,800,000 | |||
| Density | 78/km2 (202/sq mi) | ||||
| Currency | |||||
| Today part of | |||||
| a. | ^ Treaty of Saint-Germain signed 10 September 1919 and the Treaty of Trianon signed 4 June 1920. | ||||
.svg)
| Linguistic distribution of Austria–Hungary as a whole |
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| German | 24% |
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| Hungarian | 20% |
| Czech | 13% |
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| Polish | 10% |
| Ruthenian | 8% |
| ---- | |
| Romanian | 6% |
| Croat | 5% |
| ---- | |
| Slovak | 4% |
| Serbian | 4% |
| ---- | |
| Slovene | 3% |
| Italian | 3% |
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy in English-language sources, was a constitutional union of the Austrian Empire (the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, or Cisleithania) and the Kingdom of Hungary (Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen or Transleithania) that existed from 1867 to 1918, when it collapsed as a result of defeat in World War I. The union was a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and came into existence on 30 March 1867. Austria-Hungary consisted of two monarchies (Austria and Hungary), and one autonomous region: the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia under the Hungarian crown, which negotiated the Croatian–Hungarian Settlement (Nagodba) in 1868. It was ruled by the House of Habsburg, and constituted the last phase in the constitutional evolution of the Habsburg Monarchy. Following the 1867 reforms, the Austrian and the Hungarian states were co-equal. Foreign affairs and the military came under joint oversight, but all other governmental faculties were divided between respective states.
Austria-Hungary was a multinational state and one of the world's great powers at the time. Austria-Hungary was geographically the second-largest country in Europe after the Russian Empire, at 621,538 km2 (239,977 sq mi), and the third-most populous (after Russia and the German Empire). The Empire built up the fourth-largest machine building industry of the world, after the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom. Austria-Hungary also became the world's third largest manufacturer and exporter of electric home appliances, electric industrial appliances and power generation apparatus for power plants, after the United States and the German Empire.
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