Date tree
| Date palm | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Dates on date palm | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Arecales |
| Family: | Arecaceae |
| Genus: | Phoenix |
| Species: | P. dactylifera |
| Binomial name | |
|
Phoenix dactylifera L. |
|
| Synonyms | |
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|
Deglet Noor dates
|
|
| Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) | |
|---|---|
| Energy | 1,178 kJ (282 kcal) |
|
75.03 g (2.647 oz)
|
|
| Sugars | 63.35 g (2.235 oz) |
| Dietary fiber | 8 g (0.28 oz) |
|
0.39 g (0.014 oz)
|
|
|
2.45 g (0.086 oz)
|
|
| Vitamins | |
| Vitamin A equiv. |
(0%)
6 μg75 μg
|
| Vitamin A | 10 IU |
| Thiamine (B1) |
(5%)
0.052 mg |
| Riboflavin (B2) |
(6%)
0.066 mg |
| Niacin (B3) |
(8%)
1.274 mg |
| Pantothenic acid (B5) |
(12%)
0.589 mg |
| Vitamin B6 |
(13%)
0.165 mg |
| Folate (B9) |
(5%)
19 μg |
| Vitamin C |
(0%)
0.4 mg |
| Vitamin E |
(0%)
0.05 mg |
| Vitamin K |
(3%)
2.7 μg |
| Minerals | |
| Calcium |
(4%)
39 mg |
| Iron |
(8%)
1.02 mg |
| Magnesium |
(12%)
43 mg |
| Manganese |
(12%)
0.262 mg |
| Phosphorus |
(9%)
62 mg |
| Potassium |
(14%)
656 mg |
| Sodium |
(0%)
2 mg |
| Zinc |
(3%)
0.29 mg |
| Other constituents | |
| Water | 20.53 g (0.724 oz) |
|
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| Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults. Source: USDA Nutrient Database |
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Phoenix dactylifera, commonly known as date or date palm, is a flowering plant species in the palm family, Arecaceae, cultivated for its edible sweet fruit. Although its place of origin is unknown because of long cultivation, it probably originated from lands around Iraq. The species is widely cultivated and is naturalized in many tropical and subtropical regions worldwide.
Date trees typically reach about 21–23 metres (69–75 ft) in height, growing singly or forming a clump with several stems from a single root system. The leaves are 4–6 metres (13–20 ft) long, with spines on the petiole, and pinnate, with about 150 leaflets. The leaflets are 30 cm (12 in) long and 2 cm (0.79 in) wide. The full span of the crown ranges from 6–10 m (20–33 ft).
The species name dactylifera "date-bearing" comes from the Greek words daktylos (δάκτυλος), which means "date" (also "finger"), and fero (φέρω), which means "I bear".
Fossil records show that the date palm has existed for at least 50 million years.
Dates have been a staple food of the Middle East and the Indus Valley for thousands of years. There is archaeological evidence of date cultivation in eastern Arabia between 5530 and 5320 calBC. They are believed to have originated around what is now Iraq, and have been cultivated since ancient times from Mesopotamia to prehistoric Egypt. The Ancient Egyptians used the fruits to make date wine, and ate them at harvest.
There is also archeological evidence of date cultivation in Mehrgarh around 7000 BCE, a Neolithic civilization in what is now western Pakistan. Evidence of cultivation is continually found throughout later civilizations in the Indus Valley, including the Harappan period 2600 to 1900 BCE.
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Wikipedia