Chlorine azide
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| Other names
Chlorine nitride; Nitrogen chloride
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3D model (Jmol)
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PubChem CID
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| Properties | |
| ClN3 | |
| Molar mass | 77.4731 g/mol |
| Appearance | Yellow orange liquid or gas |
| Melting point | −100 °C (−148 °F; 173 K) |
| Boiling point | −15 °C (5 °F; 258 K) |
| Solubility | Soluble in butane, pentane, benzene, methanol, ethanol, diethyl ether, acetone, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and carbon disulfide; slightly soluble in water |
| Explosive data | |
| Shock sensitivity | Extreme |
| Friction sensitivity | Extreme |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Extremely sensitive explosive |
| Related compounds | |
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Related compounds
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Fluorine azide Bromine azide Hydrazoic acid |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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| Infobox references | |
Chlorine azide (ClN3) is an inorganic compound that was discovered in 1908 by Friedrich Raschig. Concentrated ClN
3 is notoriously unstable and may spontaneously detonate at any temperature.
Chlorine azide is prepared by passing chlorine gas over silver azide, or by an addition of acetic acid to a solution of sodium hypochlorite and sodium azide.
When treated with ammonia it is conceivable that one or more of the three possible azinamines, NH2N3, NH(N3)2, and N(N3)3 may be formed.
Chlorine azide is extremely sensitive. It may explode, sometimes even without apparent provocation; it is thus too sensitive to be used commercially unless first diluted in solution. Chlorine azide reacts explosively with 1,3-butadiene, ethane, ethene, methane, propane, phosphorus, silver azide, and sodium. On contact with acid, chlorine azide decomposes, evolving toxic and corrosive hydrogen chloride gas.
Its shipment is strictly regulated by the US Department of Transportation.
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