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Silver azide

Silver azide
Silver-azide-high-T-single-layer-3D-vdW.png
Identifiers
13863-88-2 N
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
ChemSpider 55601 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.034.173
PubChem 61698
Properties
AgN3
Molar mass 149.888 g/mol
Appearance colorless solid
Density 4.42 g/cm3, solid
Melting point 250 °C (482 °F; 523 K) explosive
Boiling point decomposes
Solubility in other solvents 2.0×10−8 g/L
Structure
Orthorhombic oI16
Ibam, No 72
Hazards
Main hazards Very toxic, explosive
NFPA 704
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g., water Health code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g., chlorine gas Reactivity code 4: Readily capable of detonation or explosive decomposition at normal temperatures and pressures. E.g., nitroglycerin Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Silver azide is the chemical compound with the formula AgN3. This colorless solid is a well-known explosive.

Silver azide can be prepared by treating an aqueous solution of silver nitrate with sodium azide. The silver azide precipitates as a white solid, leaving sodium nitrate in solution.

X-ray crystallography shows that AgN3 is a coordination polymer with square planar Ag+ coordinated by four azide ligands. Correspondingly, each end of each azide ligand is connected to a pair of Ag+ centers. The structure consists of two-dimensional AgN3 layers stacked one on top of the other, with weaker Ag–N bonds between layers. The coordination of Ag+ can alternatively be described as highly distorted 4 + 2 octahedral, the two more distant nitrogen atoms being part of the layers above and below.

In its most characteristic reaction, the solid decomposes explosively, releasing nitrogen gas:

The first step in this decomposition is the production of free electrons and azide radicals; thus the reaction rate is increased by the addition of semiconducting oxides. Pure silver azide explodes at 340 °C, but the presence of impurities lowers this down to 270 °C. This reaction has a lower activation energy and initial delay than the corresponding decomposition of lead azide.

AgN3, like most heavy metal azides, is a dangerous primary explosive. Decomposition can be triggered by exposure to ultraviolet light or by impact.Ceric ammonium nitrate is used as an oxidising agent to destroy AgN
3 in spills.


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Wikipedia

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