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Ethane

Ethane
Skeletal formula of ethane with all implicit hydrogens shown
Skeletal formula of ethane with all implicit carbons shown, and all explicit hydrogens added
Ball and stick model of ethane
Spacefill model of ethane
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Ethane
Systematic IUPAC name
Dicarbane (never recommended)
Identifiers
74-84-0 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
1730716
ChEBI CHEBI:42266 YesY
ChEMBL ChEMBL135626 YesY
ChemSpider 6084 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.741
EC Number 200-814-8
212
MeSH Ethane
PubChem 6324
RTECS number KH3800000
UNII L99N5N533T YesY
UN number 1035
Properties
C2H6
Molar mass 30.07 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless gas
Odor Odorless
Density
  • 1.3562 mg cm−3 (at 0 °C)
  • 0.5446 g cm−3
    (at 184 K)
Melting point −182.8 °C; −296.9 °F; 90.4 K
Boiling point −88.5 °C; −127.4 °F; 184.6 K
56.8 mg L−1
Vapor pressure 3.8453 MPa (at 21.1 °C)
19 nmol Pa−1 kg−1
Acidity (pKa) 50
Basicity (pKb) -36
-37.37·10−6 cm3/mol
Thermochemistry
52.49 J K−1 mol−1
−84 kJ mol−1
−1561.0–−1560.4 kJ mol−1
Hazards
Safety data sheet See: data page
inchem.org
GHS pictograms The flame pictogram in the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)
GHS signal word DANGER
H220, H280
P210, P410+403
Extremely Flammable F+
R-phrases R12
S-phrases (S2), S9, S16, S33
NFPA 704
Flammability code 4: Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily. Flash point below 23 °C (73 °F). E.g., propane Health code 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g., turpentine Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Flash point −135 °C (−211 °F; 138 K)
472 °C (882 °F; 745 K)
Explosive limits 2.9–13%
Related compounds
Related alkanes
Related compounds
Supplementary data page
Refractive index (n),
Dielectric constant (εr), etc.
Thermodynamic
data
 Phase behaviour
solid–liquid–gas
UV, IR, NMR, MS
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
YesY  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Ethane (/ˈɛθeɪn/ or /ˈiːθeɪn/) is an organic chemical compound with chemical formula C2H6. At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odorless gas. Like many hydrocarbons, ethane is isolated on an industrial scale from natural gas and as a petrochemical byproduct of petroleum refining. Its chief use is as for ethylene production.

Related compounds may be formed by replacing a hydrogen atom with another functional group; the ethane moiety is called an ethyl group. For example, an ethyl group linked to a hydroxyl group yields ethanol, the alcohol in beverages.

Ethane was first synthesised in 1834 by Michael Faraday, applying electrolysis of a potassium acetate solution. He mistook the hydrocarbon product of this reaction for methane and did not investigate it further. During the period 1847–1849, in an effort to vindicate the radical theory of organic chemistry, Hermann Kolbe and Edward Frankland produced ethane by the reductions of propionitrile (ethyl cyanide) and ethyl iodide with potassium metal, and, as did Faraday, by the electrolysis of aqueous acetates. They, however, mistook the product of these reactions for methyl radical rather than the dimer of methyl, ethane. This error was corrected in 1864 by Carl Schorlemmer, who showed that the product of all these reactions was in fact ethane.


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Wikipedia

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