Avicennia marina
| Avicennia marina | |
|---|---|
_at_edge_of_Lake_Be_Malae.jpg) |
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| Avicennia marina at Lake Lago Malai, East Timor | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| (unranked): | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Acanthaceae |
| Genus: | Avicennia |
| Species: | A. marina |
| Binomial name | |
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Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. |
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| Synonyms | |
Avicennia marina, commonly known as grey mangrove or white mangrove, is a species of mangrove tree classified in the plant family Acanthaceae (formerly in the Verbenaceae or Avicenniaceae). As with other mangroves, it occurs in the intertidal zones of estuarine areas.
It is distributed along Africa's east coast, south-west, south and south-east Asia, and Australia. It occurs in New Zealand between 34 and 38 degrees south; its Māori name is mānawa. It is one of the few mangroves found in the arid regions of the coastal Arabian Peninsula, mainly in sabkha environments in the United Arab Emirates,Qatar,Oman, as well as in similar environments on both side of the Red Sea (in Yemen,Saudi Arabia,Egypt,Eritrea, and Sudan), and Qatar and southern Iran along the Persian Gulf coast. It is also found in the mangroves of South Africa where it is one of the two most dominant mangroves. The species is also found in Somalia.
In Australia, it extends much farther south than other mangroves, occurring in every mainland state.
Its distribution is disjunct in Western Australia; the population of the Abrolhos Islands is 300 kilometres further south than the nearest population of Shark Bay. Another mangrove system is found even further south (500 km) at Bunbury. This colonisation of southerly climes may have occurred relatively recently, perhaps several thousand years ago, when they were transferred by the Leeuwin Current. The most inland occurrence of mangroves in Australia is a stand of grey mangroves in the Mandora Marsh, some 60 km from the coast.
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