Weimar period
| German Reich | ||||||||||
| Deutsches Reich | ||||||||||
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![Coat of arms [1]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wappen_Deutsches_Reich_(Weimarer_Republik).svg) Coat of arms
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Anthem |
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 Germany in 1930
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 German states in 1920s (Free State of Prussia with its provinces shown in blue)
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| Capital | Berlin | |||||||||
| Languages | German | |||||||||
| Religion |
1925 census 64.1% Protestant (Lutheran, Reformed, United) 32.4% Roman Catholic 0.9% Jewish 2.6% Other |
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| Government |
1919–30 Federal semi-presidential constitutional republic 1930–33 De facto authoritarian presidential republic |
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| President | ||||||||||
| • | 1919–25 | Friedrich Ebert | ||||||||
| • | 1925–33 | Paul von Hindenburg | ||||||||
| Chancellor | ||||||||||
| • | 1919 (first) | Philipp Scheidemann | ||||||||
| • | 1933 (last) | Adolf Hitler | ||||||||
| Legislature | Reichstag | |||||||||
| • | State Council | Reichsrat | ||||||||
| Historical era | Interwar period | |||||||||
| • | Established | 11 August 1919 | ||||||||
| • | Government by decree begins | 29 March 1930 | ||||||||
| • | Hitler appointed Chancellor | 30 January 1933 | ||||||||
| • | Reichstag fire | 27 February 1933 | ||||||||
| • | Enabling Act | 24 March 1933 | ||||||||
| Area | ||||||||||
| • | 1925 | 468,787 km2 (181,000 sq mi) | ||||||||
| Population | ||||||||||
| • | 1925 est. | 62,411,000 | ||||||||
| Density | 133/km2 (345/sq mi) | |||||||||
| Currency |
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| Today part of | ||||||||||
| The coat of arms shown above is the version used after 1928, which replaced that shown in the "Flag and coat of arms" section. | ||||||||||
.svg)
The Weimar Republic (German: Weimarer Republik [ˈvaɪmaʁɐ ʁepuˈbliːk] (
listen)) is an unofficial, historical designation for the German state during the years 1919 to 1933. The name derives from the city of Weimar, where its constitutional assembly first took place. The official name of the state remained Deutsches Reich (English: German Realm), unchanged since 1871. In English, the country was usually known simply as Germany.
A national assembly was convened in Weimar, where a new constitution for the Deutsches Reich was written and adopted on 11 August 1919. In its fourteen years, the Weimar Republic faced numerous problems, including hyperinflation, political extremism (with paramilitaries – both left- and right-wing) as well as contentious relationships with the victors of the First World War. The people of Germany blamed the Weimar Republic rather than their wartime leaders for the country's defeat and for the humiliating terms of the Treaty of Versailles. Weimar Germany fulfilled most of the requirements of the Treaty of Versailles although it never completely met its disarmament requirements and eventually paid only a small portion of the war reparations (by twice restructuring its debt through the Dawes Plan and the Young Plan). Under the Locarno Treaties, Germany accepted the western borders of the republic, but continued to dispute the eastern borders.
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Wikipedia