Philipp Scheidemann
| Philipp Scheidemann | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Chancellor of Germany | |
|
In office 13 February 1919 – 20 June 1919 |
|
| President | Friedrich Ebert |
| Deputy |
Eugen Schiffer Bernhard Dernburg |
| Preceded by | Friedrich Ebert |
| Succeeded by | Gustav Bauer |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Philipp Heinrich Scheidemann 26 July 1865 Kassel, Hesse (Now Germany) |
| Died | 29 November 1939 (aged 74) Copenhagen, Denmark |
| Political party | Social Democratic Party |
| Spouse(s) | Johanna Dibbern |
| Children | 3 |
| Religion | Calvinism |
Philipp Heinrich Scheidemann (26 July 1865 – 29 November 1939) was a German politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). On 9 November 1918, in the midst of the German Revolution of 1918–1919, he proclaimed Germany a republic. Later, beginning in the early part of the following year, he became the second head of government of the Weimar Republic, acting in this post for 127 days.
Philipp Scheidemann was born in Kassel on 26 July 1865, the son of Friedrich Scheidemann (1842–79) an upholsterer, and his wife Wilhelmine (née Pape; 1842-1907). He had two sisters.
Scheidemann attended elementary and secondary schools between 1871 and 1879. After the death of his father, the family fell into poverty. In 1879-83, Scheidemann was apprenticed as a printer.
In 1883, he joined the Social Democratic Party of Germany (the SPD) and became a union member (Buchdruckerverband). At the time, the German Anti-Socialist Laws were still in force and the SPD was essentially an underground organisation. Until 1895, Scheidemann worked as a printer and proofreader. Scheidemann married in 1889 at Kassel. His wife was Johanna (Hanne) Dibbern (1864–1926). They had three daughters: Lina (1889–1933), Liese (1891–1955) and Hedwig (1893–1935). From 1895 to 1903, he worked as an editor at social democratic newspapers at Gießen ( Mitteldeutsche Sonntagszeitung ), Nuremberg, Offenbach and Kassel.
In the German federal election of 1903, Scheidemann was elected from the SPD to the German Reichstag for a constituency in Solingen; he retained this seat until 1918. In 1906, he also became a member of the city council of Kassel, a position he held until 1911, when he became part of the executive committee of the SPD party secretariat.
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