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Italian civil war

Italian Civil War
Part of World War II
FerruccioNazionale.jpg
Italian Civil War scene. Partisan hanged by republican fascists of the Decima Flottiglia MAS. The sign says "He attempted with weapons to shoot the Decima".
Date September 8, 1943 – May 2, 1945
Location Italy
Result

Royal/Resistance Italian victory

Italian Liberation:

Belligerents
War flag of the Italian Social Republic.svg Italian Social Republic
Supported by:
 Nazi Germany
Flag of Italian Committee of National Liberation.svg Italian Resistance
 Kingdom of Italy
Supported by:
 United Kingdom
 United States
 Canada
 Australia
 New Zealand
 British Raj
 Free France
 Poland
 Brazil
Commanders and leaders

National Republican Army:

CLN/CLNAI:

Italian Co-belligerent Army:

Strength
 Italian Social Republic: 520,000–600,000

Royal/Resistance Italian victory

Italian Liberation:

National Republican Army:

CLN/CLNAI:

Italian Co-belligerent Army:

The Italian Civil War (Italian: La guerra civile) is the period between September 8, 1943 (the date of the armistice of Cassibile), and May 2, 1945 (the date of the surrender of German forces in Italy) in which the Italian Resistance and the Italian Co-Belligerent Army fought together and defeated the forces of the Fascist Italian Social Republic.

Claudio Pavone's book Una guerra civile. Saggio storico sulla moralità della Resistenza (A Civil War. Historical Essay On the Morality Of the Resistance), published in 1991, led the term Italian Civil War to become a widespread term used in Italian and international historiography. Although the term had been used before, in the early 1990s it became accepted.

The confrontations between the factions resulted in the torture and death of many civilians. During the Italian Campaign, partisans were supplied by the Western Allies with small arms, ammunition and explosives. Allied forces and partisans cooperated on military missions, parachuting or landing personnel behind enemy lines, often including Italian–American members of OSS. Other operations were carried out exclusively by secret service personnel. Where possible, both sides avoided situations in which Italian units of opposite fronts were involved in combat episodes. In rare cases, clashes between Italians involved partisans and fascists of various armed formations.


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