Alessandro Pavolini
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The Honourable Alessandro Pavolini |
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|---|---|
Pavolini in 1930s.
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| Secretary of the Republican Fascist Party | |
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In office November 15, 1943 – April 28, 1945 |
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| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Office abolished |
| Minister of Popular Culture | |
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In office October 31, 1939 – February 6, 1943 |
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| Preceded by | Dino Alfieri |
| Succeeded by | Gaetano Polverelli |
| Member of the Italian Chamber | |
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In office April 28, 1934 – July 25, 1943 |
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| Constituency | Florence |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
September 27, 1903 Florence, Italy |
| Died | April 28, 1945 (aged 41) Dongo, Italian Social Republic |
| Nationality | Italian |
| Political party |
Italian Fasci of Combat (1920–1921) National Fascist Party (1921–1943) Republican Fascist Party (1943–1945) |
| Spouse(s) | Teresa Franzi (m. 1929–45); his death |
| Domestic partner | Doris Duranti (1940–1945) |
| Children | Ferruccio (1930) Maria Vittorio (1931) Vanni (1938) |
| Alma mater |
University of Florence, Sapienza University of Rome |
| Profession | Lawyer, journalist |
| Religion | Catholic Church (baptized) |
Alessandro Pavolini (27 September 1903 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician, journalist, and essayist, notable for his involvement in the Fascist government, during World War II, and also, for his cruelty against the opponents of fascism.
A native of Florence, Pavolini was the son of Paolo Emilio Pavolini, a major scholar of Sanskrit and other Indo-European languages. A brilliant student, he earned a law degree at the University of Florence and a political science degree at La Sapienza in Rome, travelling to and fro between the two cities. His brother was the writer Corrado Pavolini.
After joining Benito Mussolini's movement in Florence, he took part in several actions of the Blackshirts, and led a squad during the 1922 March on Rome - the moment when Fascism took over in Italy. Pavolini was assigned tasks in the cultural field (including youth programs launched by the fascists), while contributing to fascist publications such as Battaglie fasciste, Rivoluzione fascista, and Critica fascista. Thanks to his acquaintance with Florentine fascist leader Luigi Ridolfi, he broke into active politics, becoming Ridolfi's deputy in 1927. From 1929 to 1934, he was local leader of the National Fascist Party (PNF) in Florence, as well as editor of the fascist publication Il Bargello (named after a military rank of the Middle Ages), which urged all intellectuals to contribute; Pavolini aimed for an image of Fascism as cultural and aristocratic - he initiated a series of cultural events that survived both Fascism and his death, including the yearly costumed re-enactment of the Italian Renaissance-era sport Calcio Fiorentino, the Maggio Musicale Fiorentino and the Ponte Vecchio Artisans' Exhibit. Between 1934 and 1942, he was a regular contributor to Corriere della Sera as a "special guest".
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