Fasci Italiani di Combattimento
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Italian Fasci of Combat
Fasci Italiani di Combattimento |
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|---|---|
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| Leader | Benito Mussolini |
| Founded | 11 December 1914 |
| Dissolved | 9 November 1921 |
| Merger of |
Fasci d'Azione Internazionalista, Fasci Autonomi d'Azione Rivoluzionaria |
| Split from | Italian Socialist Party |
| Merged into | National Fascist Party |
| Headquarters | Milan, Italy |
| Newspaper | Il Popolo d'Italia |
| Paramilitary wing | Camicie Nere (CCNN) |
| Ideology | Fascism Republicanism Sansepolcrism National syndicalism |
| Political position | Far-right |
| International affiliation | None |
| Colors | Black |
The Italian Fasci of Combat (Italian: Fasci Italiani di Combattimento, FIC), until 1919 called Fasci of Revolutionary Action (Italian: Fasci d'Azione Rivoluzionaria, FAR), was an Italian fascio organization, created by Benito Mussolini in 1914.
It was founded as a merger of two other movements: the Fasci d'Azione Internazionalista and a previous group he started called the Fasci Autonomi d'Azione Rivoluzionaria. In 1915, members of the Fasci began to officially refer to themselves as "Fascists". It denounced Marxism, but asserted that it supported socialism, using the famous quote by French socialist Louis Auguste Blanqui, "He who has iron has bread" on the title page of its newspaper, Il Popolo d'Italia. The Fasci was republican and Mussolini spoke of his desire that the war would "perhaps see a few more crowns fall to pieces", and in April 1915 Mussolini accused Italy's King Victor Emmanuel III of being a pro-German "Philistine" and accusing him of being "foreign" and for allegedly being a "neutralist".
Due to Mussolini's support of Italian intervention in the then-ongoing World War I, he received financial support from Ansaldo (an armaments firm) and other companies. In 1917, Mussolini was allegedly supported by the British Directorate of Military Intelligence, with Mussolini supposedly being paid a £100 weekly wage; this help is said to have been authorised by Sir Samuel Hoare. However, regardless of the financial support he accepted for his pro-interventionist stance, Mussolini's socialist critics noted that Mussolini was free to write whatever he wished in his newspaper Il Popolo d'Italia, without prior sanctioning by his financial backers.
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