Humayun
| Humayun | |||||
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Mughal Emperor Humayun
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| 2nd Mughal Emperor | |||||
| Reign | 26 December 1530 – 17 May 1540 22 February 1555 – 27 January 1556 |
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| Coronation | 29 December 1530, Agra | ||||
| Predecessor | Babur | ||||
| Successor | Akbar | ||||
| Born |
17 March 1508 Kabul, Mughal Empire (present-day Afghanistan) |
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| Died | 27 January 1556 (aged 47) Delhi, Mughal Empire (present-day India) |
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| Burial | Humayun's Tomb, Nizamuddin East, Delhi, India | ||||
| Consort | Bega Begum | ||||
| Wives |
Hamida Banu Begum Mah Chuchak Begum Bibi Gunwar Khanish Agha Maywa Jan |
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| Issue |
Al-aman Mirza Akbar Mirza Muhammad Hakim Ibrahim Sultan Mirza Farrukh-Fal Mirza Aqiqa Sultan Begum Jahan Sultan Begum Bakshi Banu Begum Fakhr-un-Nissa Begum Bakht-un-Nissa Begum Amina Banu Begum Sakina Banu Begum |
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| House | House of Timur | ||||
| Father | Babur | ||||
| Mother | Maham Begum | ||||
| Religion | Islam | ||||
| Full name | |
|---|---|
| Mirza Nasir ud-din Baig Muhammad Khan Humayun |
| Mughal emperors | |
| Babur | 1526 – 1530 |
| Humayun | 1530 – 1540 1555 – 1556 |
| Akbar | 1556 – 1605 |
| Jahangir | 1605 – 1627 |
| Shahryar (de facto) | 1627 – 1628 |
| Shah Jahan | 1628 – 1658 |
| Aurangzeb | 1658 – 1707 |
| Muhammad Azam Shah (titular) | 1707 |
| Bahadur Shah I | 1707 – 1712 |
| Jahandar Shah | 1712 – 1713 |
| Farrukhsiyar | 1713 – 1719 |
| Rafi ud-Darajat | 1719 |
| Shah Jahan II | 1719 |
| Muhammad Shah | 1719 – 1748 |
| Ahmad Shah Bahadur | 1748 – 1754 |
| Alamgir II | 1754 – 1759 |
| Shah Jahan III (titular) | 1759 – 1760 |
| Shah Alam II | 1760 – 1806 |
| Jahan Shah IV (titular) | 1788 |
| Akbar II | 1806 – 1837 |
| Bahadur Shah II | 1837 – 1857 |
| Empire abolished and replaced by British Raj | |
Mirza Nasir ud-din Baig Muhammad Khan Humayun, or Humayun (Persian: نصیرالدین محمد همایون; OS 7 March 1508 – OS 27 January 1556), was the second emperor of the Mughal Empire, who ruled over territory in what is now Afghanistan, Pakistan, and parts of northern India from 1531–1540 and again from 1555–1556. Like his father, Babur, he lost his kingdom early but regained it with the aid of the Safavid dynasty of Persia, with additional territory. At the time of his death in 1556, the Mughal Empire spanned almost one million square kilometres.
In December 1530 Humayun succeeded his father as ruler of the Mughal territories in the Indian subcontinent. At the age of 23, Humayun was an inexperienced ruler when he came to power. His half-brother Kamran Mirza inherited Kabul and Lahore, the northernmost parts of their father's empire. Mirza was to become a bitter rival of Humayun.
Humayun lost Mughal territories to the Pashtun noble, Sher Shah Suri, but regained them 15 years later with Safavid aid. Humayun's return from Persia was accompanied by a large retinue of Persian noblemen and signalled an important change in Mughal court culture. The Central Asian origins of the dynasty were largely overshadowed by the influences of Persian art, architecture, language and literature. There are many stone carvings and thousands of Persian manuscripts in India dating from the time of Humayun.
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