Moghulistan

Moghulistan Eastern Chagatai Khanate
Моголистан Mogholistan
Division of the Chagatai Khanate
1347 – 1462 (Whole) 1462 – ? (Western) 1462–1680s (Eastern)
Location of Moghulistan (Eastern Chagatai Khanate)
Capital		Not specified
Languages		Middle Mongolian Chagatai language
Religion		Shamanism, later Sunni Islam
Government		Monarchy
Khan
•	1347-1363	Tughlugh Timur
•	1363–1368	Ilyas Khoja
•	1429–1462	Esen Buqa II
Historical era		Late Middle Ages
•	Formation of the Moghulistan	1347
•	Moghulistan split into two parts	1462
Preceded by Succeeded by Chagatai Khanate Kumul Khanate Turfan Khanate
Today part of		Kyrgyzstan  China  Uzbekistan  Tajikistan  Kazakhstan

Moghulistan (Mughalistan, Moghul Khanate) (from Persian: مغولستان‎‎, Moqulestân/Moġūlistān), also called the Eastern Chagatai Khanate (Chinese: 东察合台汗国; pinyin: Dōng Cháhétái Hànguó), was a Mongol breakaway khanate of the Chagatai Khanate and a historical geographic area north of the Tian Shan mountain range, on the border of Central Asia and East Asia. That area today includes parts of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and northwest China (Xinjiang). A khanate nominally ruled over the area from the mid-14th century until the late 17th century, although it is debatable whether it was a continuation of the Chagatai Khanate, an independent khanate, or a tributary state to Ming Dynasty China.

Beginning in the mid-14th century a new khanate, in the form of a nomadic tribal confederacy headed by a member of the family of Chagatai, arose in the region of the Ili River. It is therefore considered to be a continuation of the Chagatai Khanate, but it is also referred to as the Moghul Khanate, since its tribal inhabitants were originally considered to be pure "Moghuls" (i.e., Mongols), in contrast to the mostly Turkic and Turkicised Mongols of the Western Chagatai Khanate.

In actuality, local control rested with local Mongol Dughlats or Sufi Naqshbandi in their respective oases. Although the rulers enjoyed great wealth from the China trade, it was beset by constant civil war and invasions by the Timurid Empire, which emerged from the western part of the erstwhile Chagatai Khanate. Independence-minded khans created their own domains in cities like Kashgar and Turfan. Eventually it was overcome by the Kyrgyz, Kazakhs, and Oirats.