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Azerbaijan Republic

Republic of Azerbaijan
Azərbaycan Respublikası  (Azerbaijani)
Three equally sized horizontal bands of blue, red, and green, with a white crescent and an eight-pointed star centered in the red band
Emblem of Azerbaijan
Flag Emblem
Anthem: 
Location of Azerbaijan (green) and Nagorno-Karabakh[a] (light green).
Location of Azerbaijan (green) and Nagorno-Karabakh (light green).
Capital Baku
40°25′N 49°50′E / 40.417°N 49.833°E / 40.417; 49.833
Official languages Azerbaijani
Ethnic minority languages Armenian (only in Nagorno-Karabakh), Avar, Budukh, Georgian, Juhuri, Khinalug, Kryts, Kurdish, Lezgian, Russian, Rutul, Talysh, Tat, Tsakhur and Udi
Demonym Azerbaijani
Government Unitary dominant-party semi-presidential republic
• President
Ilham Aliyev
Mehriban Aliyeva
Artur Rasizade
Legislature National Assembly
Formation
28 May 1918
28 April 1920
• Independence from Soviet Union
30 August 1991 (declared)
18 October 1991 (independence)
25 December 1991 (completed)
• Constitution adopted
12 November 1995
Area
• Total
86,600 km2 (33,400 sq mi) (112th)
• Water (%)
1.6
Population
• 2016 estimate
9,754,830 (89th)
• Density
112.6/km2 (291.6/sq mi) (103rd)
GDP (PPP) 2016 estimate
• Total
$167.905 billion
• Per capita
$17,688
GDP (nominal) 2016 estimate
• Total
$35.686  billion
• Per capita
$3,759
Gini (2008) 33.7
medium
HDI (2013) 0.751
high · 76th
Currency Manat (₼) (AZN)
Time zone AZT (UTC+04)
Drives on the right
Calling code +994
ISO 3166 code AZ
Internet TLD .az
Ethnic composition (2009)
Azerbaijani 91.60%
Lezgian 2.02%
Armenian 1.35%
Russian 1.34%
Talysh 1.26%
Other nations 2.43%

Azerbaijan (Listeni/ˌæzərbˈɑːn/ AZ-ər-by-JAHN; Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Respublikası), is a country in the South Caucasus region, situated at the crossroads of Southwest Asia and Southeastern Europe. It is bound by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west and Iran to the south. The exclave of Nakhchivan is bound by Armenia to the north and east, Iran to the south and west, while having an 11 km border with Turkey in the north west.


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