| 2011 Atlantic hurricane season |
Season summary map
|
| Seasonal boundaries |
| First system formed |
June 28, 2011 |
| Last system dissipated |
November 11, 2011 |
| Strongest storm |
|
| Name |
Ophelia |
| • Maximum winds |
140 mph (220 km/h)
(1-minute sustained) |
| • Lowest pressure |
940 mbar (hPa; 27.76 inHg) |
| Seasonal statistics |
| Total depressions |
20 |
| Total storms |
19 |
| Hurricanes |
7 |
Major hurricanes
(Cat. 3+) |
4 |
| Total fatalities |
100 direct, 14 indirect |
| Total damage |
≥ $18.585 billion (2011 USD) |
| Related articles |
|
|
Atlantic hurricane seasons
2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013
|
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
June 28 – July 1 |
| Peak intensity |
65 mph (100 km/h) (1-min) 993 mbar (hPa) |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
July 17 – July 23 |
| Peak intensity |
70 mph (110 km/h) (1-min) 995 mbar (hPa) |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
July 20 – July 23 |
| Peak intensity |
70 mph (110 km/h) (1-min) 994 mbar (hPa) |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
July 27 – July 30 |
| Peak intensity |
50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min) 997 mbar (hPa) |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
August 2 – August 7 |
| Peak intensity |
50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min) 1003 mbar (hPa) |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
August 12 – August 13 |
| Peak intensity |
45 mph (75 km/h) (1-min) 1004 mbar (hPa) |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
August 13 – August 17 |
| Peak intensity |
65 mph (100 km/h) (1-min) 1000 mbar (hPa) |
| Tropical storm (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
August 19 – August 22 |
| Peak intensity |
65 mph (100 km/h) (1-min) 994 mbar (hPa) |
| Category 3 hurricane (SSHWS) |
|
|
| Duration |
August 21 – August 28 |
| Peak intensity |
120 mph (195 km/h) (1-min) 942 mbar (hPa) |
The 2011 Atlantic hurricane season is tied with 1887, 1995, 2010, and the following 2012 season for the third highest number of named storms since record-keeping began in 1851. The season officially began on June 1 and ended on November 30, dates which conventionally delimit the period during each year in which most tropical cyclones develop in the Atlantic Ocean. However, the first tropical storm of the season, Arlene, did not develop until nearly a month later. The final system, Tropical Storm Sean, dissipated over the open Atlantic on November 11. Despite unfavorable conditions, seven storms reached Category 1 strength and four of those storms reached major hurricane status (Irene, Katia, Ophelia and Rina). Katia and Ophelia reached Category 4 status and tied with strongest winds, yet Ophelia reached overall peak. (Operationally, the year featured eighteen tropical storms; in post-season analysis, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) determined that an unnamed tropical storm developed in late August, north of Bermuda.)
Due to the presence of a La Niña in the Pacific Ocean, many pre-season forecasts called for an above-average hurricane season. In Colorado State University (CSU)'s spring outlook, the organization called for 16 named storms and 9 hurricanes, of which 4 would intensify further into major hurricanes. On May 19, 2011, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) issued their pre-season forecast, predicting 12–18 named storms, 6–10 hurricanes, and 3–6 major hurricanes. Following a quick start to the season, NOAA subsequently increased their outlook to 14–19 named storms, 7–10 hurricanes, and 3–5 major hurricanes on August 4; CSU made no changes to the number of cyclones forecast throughout the year.
Many tropical cyclones affected land during the 2011 season; most impacts, however, did not result in a significant loss of life or property. On June 29, Arlene moved ashore near Cabo Rojo, Mexico, causing minor damage and killing 22. Roughly a month later, Tropical Storm Don made landfall in southern Texas; no fatalities nor damage was reported. Tropical Storm Harvey moved into the coastline of Central America in mid-August, and three deaths were reported as a result. During the month of September, Tropical Storm Lee and Hurricane Nate moved into the central United States Gulf Coast and central Mexico, respectively; the former led to 18 deaths, and the latter 5 deaths. As an extratropical cyclone, Lee caused significant damage in the form of flooding across the Northeast United States, especially in New York and Pennsylvania. The deadliest and most destructive cyclone of the season developed east of the Lesser Antilles on August 21. Hurricane Irene caused significant damage across many of the Caribbean Islands and United States Eastern Seaboard, ultimately resulting in the name's retirement. Overall, the season resulted in 114 deaths and $18.5 billion in damage.
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