US population

Demographics of the United States
Nationality	American
Population
Population	308,745,538 (2010) (3rd)
• Estimate	323,127,513 (2016) (3rd)
• Density	85.10/sq mi (32.86/km2)
Growth rate	0.81% (2016 est.)
Birth rate	12.5/1,000 population
Death rate	8.2/1,000 population
Net migration rate	3.9/1,000 population
Life expectancy	79.8 years
• Male	77.5 years
• Female	82.1 years
Fertility rate	1.87 children born/woman
Languages
Official	None at the federal level English in 32 of the 50 states
Spoken	English 79% Spanish 13% Other Indo-European 3.7% Asian and Pacific island 3.4% Other 1%
Source: CIA World Factbook

Leading population centers (see complete list)
Rank	Core city (cities)	Metro area population	Metropolitan Statistical Area	Region	New York City Los Angeles Chicago Dallas
1	New York	20,182,305	New York–Newark–Jersey City, NY–NJ–PA MSA	Northeast
2	Los Angeles	13,340,068	Los Angeles–Long Beach–Anaheim, CA MSA	West
3	Chicago	9,551,031	Chicago–Joliet–Naperville, IL–IN–WI MSA	Midwest
4	Dallas–Fort Worth	7,102,796	Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington, TX MSA	South
5	Houston	6,656,947	Houston–The Woodlands-Sugar Land MSA	South
6	Washington, D.C.	6,097,684	Washington, DC–VA–MD–WV MSA	South
7	Philadelphia	6,069,875	Philadelphia–Camden–Wilmington, PA–NJ–DE–MD MSA	Northeast
8	Miami	6,012,331	Miami–Fort Lauderdale–West Palm Beach, FL MSA	South
9	Atlanta	5,710,795	Atlanta–Sandy Springs–Roswell, GA MSA	South
10	Boston	4,774,321	Boston–Cambridge–Quincy, MA–NH MSA	Northeast
11	San Francisco	4,656,132	San Francisco–Oakland–Fremont, CA MSA	West
12	Phoenix	4,574,531	Phoenix–Mesa–Chandler, AZ MSA	West
13	Riverside–San Bernardino	4,489,159	Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario, CA MSA	West
14	Detroit	4,302,043	Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI MSA	Midwest
15	Seattle	3,733,580	Seattle–Tacoma–Bellevue, WA MSA	West
16	Minneapolis–St. Paul	3,524,583	Minneapolis–St. Paul–Bloomington, MN–WI MSA	Midwest
17	San Diego	3,299,521	San Diego–Carlsbad–San Marcos, CA MSA	West
18	Tampa–St. Petersburg	2,975,225	Tampa–St. Petersburg–Clearwater, FL MSA	South
19	Denver	2,814,330	Denver–Aurora–Lakewood, CO MSA	West
20	St. Louis	2,811,588	St. Louis MO–IL MSA	Midwest
Based on 2015 population estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau

The United States is estimated to have a population of 323,127,513 as of July 1, 2016, making it the third most populous country in the world. It is very urbanized, with 81% residing in cities and suburbs as of 2014 (the worldwide urban rate is 54%).California and Texas are the most populous states, as the mean center of U.S. population has consistently shifted westward and southward.New York City is the most populous city in the United States.

The total fertility rate in the United States estimated for 2016 is 1.82 children per woman, which is below the replacement fertility rate of approximately 2.1. The United States Census Bureau shows a population increase of 0.75% for the twelve-month period ending in July 2012. Though high by industrialized country standards, this is below the world average annual rate of 1.1%.

There were about 125.9 million adult women in the United States in 2014. The number of men was 119.4 million. At age 85 and older, there were almost twice as many women as men (4 million vs. 2.1 million). People under 21 years of age made up over a quarter of the U.S. population (27.1%), and people age 65 and over made up one-seventh (14.5%). The national median age was 37.8 years in 2015.

The United States Census Bureau defines white people as those "having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa." It includes people who reported "White" or wrote in entries such as Irish, German, Italian, Lebanese, Near Easterner, Arab, or Polish." Whites constitute the majority of the U.S. population, with a total of about 245,532,000 or 77.7% of the population as of 2013. Non-Hispanic whites make up 62.6% of the country's population. Despite major changes due to immigration since the 1960s, and the higher birth-rates of nonwhites, the overall current majority of American citizens are still white, and English-speaking, though regional differences exist.

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