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The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية (Arabic)
Al-Mamlakah Al-Urdunnīyah Al-Hāshimīyah
Flag of Jordan
Coat of arms of Jordan
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "God, Country, King"
الله، الوطن، الملك (Arabic)
Allah, Al-Waṭan, Al-Malik
Anthem: (English: The Royal Anthem of Jordan)
السلام الملكي الأردني
Al-Salam Al-Malaki Al-Urdunni

Jordan (orthographic projection).svg
Map of Jordan showing influential governorate centers
Map of Jordan showing influential governorate centers
Capital
and largest city
Amman
31°57′N 35°56′E / 31.950°N 35.933°E / 31.950; 35.933
Official languages Arabic
Ethnic groups
Religion Sunni Islam
Demonym Jordanian
Government Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• King
Abdullah II
Hani Al-Mulki
Legislature Parliament
Senate
House of Representatives
Independence from Britain
11 April 1921
25 May 1946
Area
• Total
89,341 km2 (34,495 sq mi) (112th)
Population
• February 2017 estimate
9,819,651
• November 2015 census
9,531,712
• Density
107/km2 (277.1/sq mi) (100th)
GDP (PPP) 2016 estimate
• Total
$86.193 billion (87th)
• Per capita
$11,124 (86th)
GDP (nominal) 2016 estimate
• Total
$39.453 billion (92nd)
• Per capita
$5,092 (95th)
Gini (2011) 35.4
medium
HDI (2014) Steady 0.748
high · 80th
Currency Dinar (JOD)
Time zone EET (UTC+2)
• Summer (DST)
EEST (UTC+3)
Drives on the right
Calling code +962
ISO 3166 code JO
Internet TLD .jo
.الاردن

Jordan (/ˈɔːrdən/; Arabic: الأردن‎‎ Al-Urdunn), officially The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (Arabic: المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية‎‎ Al-Mamlakah Al-Urdunnīyah Al-Hāshimīyah), is an Arab kingdom in Western Asia, on the East Bank of the Jordan River. Jordan is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the east and south; Iraq to the north-east; Syria to the north; Israel, Palestine and the Dead Sea to the west; and the Red Sea in its extreme south-west. Jordan is strategically located at the crossroads of Asia, Africa and Europe. The capital, Amman, is Jordan's most populous city as well as the country's economic, political and cultural centre.

What is now Jordan has been inhabited by humans since the Paleolithic period. Three stable kingdoms emerged there at the end of the Bronze Age: Ammon, Moab and Edom. Later rulers include the Nabataean Kingdom, the Roman Empire, and the Ottoman Empire. After the Great Arab Revolt against the Ottomans in 1916 during World War I, the Ottoman Empire was partitioned by Britain and France. The Emirate of Transjordan was established in 1921 by the then Emir Abdullah I and became a British protectorate. In 1946, Jordan became an independent state officially known as The Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan. Jordan captured the West Bank, which it later lost in 1967, during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War and the name of the state was changed to The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in 1949. Jordan is a founding member of the Arab League and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, and is one of two Arab states to have signed a peace treaty with Israel. The country is a constitutional monarchy, but the king holds wide executive and legislative powers.


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