Socialist Soviet Republic of Abkhazia
| Socialist Soviet Republic of Abkhazia |
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| Социалистическая Советская Республика Абхазия Sotsalisticheskaya Sovetskaya Respublika Abkhaziya |
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Motto Proletarii vsekh stran, soyedinyaytes'! Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! "Proletarians of all countries, unite!" |
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Anthem Internatsional Интернационал "The Internationale" |
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 The Socialist Soviet Republic of Abkhazia in 1921.
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| Capital | Sukhumi | |||||||||
| Languages | Russian, Abkhaz, Armenian, Georgiana | |||||||||
| Government | Socialist Republic | |||||||||
| Legislature | Congress of Soviets | |||||||||
| History | ||||||||||
| • | Established | 31 March 1921 | ||||||||
| • | Disestablished | 19 February 1931 | ||||||||
| Area | ||||||||||
| • | 1921 | 8,600 km² (3,320 sq mi) | ||||||||
| Currency | Ruble | |||||||||
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| a. | Also other languages, all of which could be used by public institutions per the 1925 constitution. | |||||||||
The Socialist Soviet Republic of Abkhazia (Russian: Социалистическая Советская Республика Абхазия; Sotsalisticheskaya Sovetskaya Respublika Abkhaziya), was a short-lived Soviet republic in the territory of Abkhazia that existed from 31 March 1921 to 19 February 1931. It was an independent state from 21 May to 16 December 1921, when Abkhazia became a federal part of the Georgian SSR. SSR Abkhazia never became a Union-level republic within the Soviet Union, despite the explicit expression of willingness and intent in its 1925 Constitution (Article 4). It had a special status of a “treaty republic” associated with the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic through which Abkhazia was part of the Transcaucasian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (since 12 March 1922) and thus also part of the Soviet Union (the Transcaucasian SFSR was a Union-level republic of the USSR from 1922 to 1936). The SSR Abkhazia was abolished in 1931 and transformed into the Abkhaz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic within the Georgian SSR.
Abkhazia, hitherto an autonomous province within the Democratic Republic of Georgia, came under the Soviet control in the course of the Soviet Russian Red Army invasion of February–March 1921. On March 4, 1921, the Red Army, in conjunction with local revolutionary guerrillas, took control of Abkhazia’s capital, Sukhumi, where a provisional Soviet administration – the Abkhaz Revolutionary committee (Revkom) – was established. On March 31, 1921, a special conference attended by Sergo Orjonikidze, Shalva Eliava, Efrem Eshba and Nestor Lakoba, declared the SSR of Abkhazia, but the question of the form of the republic's relations with both Georgia and Russia was left open. On May 21, 1921, the Georgian Revkom welcomed the formation of the "independent Socialist Soviet Republic of Abkhazia", and said the form of relations should be settled by the first Workers' Congresses of both republics.
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