Revolutionary Alliance
| Tongmenghui | |
|---|---|
| 同盟會 同盟会 |
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| Also known as | Chinese United League, Chinese Revolutionary Alliance, United Allegiance Society |
| Country |
 China
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| Leader(s) | Sun Yat-sen, Song Jiaoren |
| Foundation | August 20, 1905 |
| Dissolved | August 25, 1912 |
| Merger of | Revive China Society, Guangfuhui |
| Succeeded by | Kuomintang |
| Ideology |
Republicanism Mínshēng Anti-Qing sentiment |
| Notable attacks | Xinhai Revolution |
| Status | Inactive |
| Size | Ca. 100,000 |
| Tongmenghui | |||||||||||||
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| Traditional Chinese | 同盟會 | ||||||||||||
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| Simplified Chinese | 同盟会 | ||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Tóngménghuì |
| Wade–Giles | T'ung-meng Hui |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Jyutping | Tung4 mang4 wui6 |
The Tongmenghui, also known as the Chinese United League, United League, Chinese Revolutionary Alliance, Chinese Alliance and United Allegiance Society, was a secret society and underground resistance movement founded by Sun Yat-sen, Song Jiaoren, and others in Tokyo, Japan, on 20 August 1905. It was formed from the merger of many Chinese revolutionary groups in the late Qing Dynasty.
The Tongmenghui was created through the unification of Sun Yat-sen's Xingzhonghui (Revive China Society), the Guangfuhui (Restoration Society) and many other Chinese revolutionary groups. Among the Tongmenghui's members were Huang Xing, Li Zongren, Zhang Binglin, Chen Tianhua, Wang Jingwei, Hu Hanmin, Tao Chengzhang, Cai Yuanpei, Li Shizeng, Zhang Renjie, and Qiu Jin.
In 1906, a branch of the Tongmenghui was formed in Singapore, following Sun's visit there; this was called the Nanyang branch and served as headquarters of the organization for Southeast Asia. The members of the branch included Wong Hong-kui (黃康衢; Huang Kangqu),Tan Chor Lam (陳楚楠; Chen Chu'nan; 1884-1971) and Teo Eng Hock (張永福; Zhang Yongfu; originally a rubber shoe manufacturer). Tan Chor Lam, Teo Eng Hock and Chan Po-yin (陳步賢; Chen Buxian; 1883-1965) started the revolution-related Chong Shing Chinese Daily Newspaper (中興日報, 中興 meaning China revival), with the inaugural issue on 20 August 1907 and a daily distribution of 1,000 copies. The newspaper ended in 1910, presumably due to the Xinhai Revolution in 1911. Working with other Cantonese people, Tan, Teo and Chan opened the revolution-related Kai Ming Bookstore (開明書報社, 開明 meaning open wisdom) in Singapore. For the revolution, Chan Po-yin raised over 30,000 yuan for the purchase and shipment (from Singapore to China) of military equipment and for the support of the expenses of people travelling from Singapore to China for revolutionary work.
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Wikipedia