Wang Jingwei
| Wang Jingwei | |
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| 汪精衛 | |
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President of the Republic of China (Nanjing regime) |
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In office 20 March 1940 – 10 November 1944 |
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| Vice President | Zhou Fohai |
| Premier of the Republic of China | |
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In office 29 January 1932 – 1 December 1935 |
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| President | Lin Sen |
| 1st Chairman of the National Government of the ROC (Guangdong) | |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
4 May 1883 Sanshui, Guangdong, Qing Dynasty |
| Died | 10 November 1944 (aged 61) Nagoya, Empire of Japan |
| Political party | Kuomintang |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Reorganized National Government of China (Nanjing) |
| Rank | Generalissimo |
| Wang Jingwei | |||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 汪精衛 | ||||||||||||||
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| Simplified Chinese | 汪精卫 | ||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | (pen name) | ||||||||||||||
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| Wang Zhaoming | |||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 汪兆銘 | ||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 汪兆铭 | ||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | (birth name) | ||||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Wāng Jīngwèi |
| Wade–Giles | Wang1 Ching1-wei4 |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | Wōng Jīng-waih |
| Jyutping | Wong1 Zing1-wai6 |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Wāng Zhàomíng |
| Wade–Giles | Wang1 Chao4-ming2 |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | Wōng Siuh-mìhng |
| Jyutping | Wong1 Siu6-ming4 |
Wang Jingwei (Wang Ching-wei; 4 May 1883 – 10 November 1944); born as Wang Zhaoming (Wang Chao-ming), but widely known by his pen name "Jingwei", was a Chinese politician. He was initially a member of the left wing of the Kuomintang (KMT), but later became increasingly anti-communist after his efforts to collaborate with the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) ended in political failure. His political orientation veered sharply to the right later in his career after he joined the Japanese.
Wang was a close associate of Sun Yat-sen for the last twenty years of Sun's life. After Sun's death Wang engaged in a political struggle with Chiang Kai-shek for control over the Kuomintang, but lost. Wang remained inside the Kuomintang, but continued to have disagreements with Chiang until the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, after which he accepted an invitation from the Japanese Empire to form a Japanese-supported collaborationist government in Nanjing. Wang served as the head of state for this Japanese puppet government until he died, shortly before the end of World War II. Although he is still regarded as an important contributor in the Xinhai Revolution, his collaboration with the Imperial Japanese is a subject of academic debate, and the typical narratives often regard him as a traitor in the War of Resistance.
Born in Sanshui, Guangdong, but of Zhejiang origin, Wang went to Japan as an international student sponsored by the Qing Dynasty government in 1903, and joined the Tongmenghui in 1905. As a young man, Wang came to blame the Qing dynasty for holding China back, and making it too weak to fight off exploitation by Western imperialist powers. While in Japan, Wang became a close confidant of Sun Yat-sen, and would later go on to become one of the most important members of the early Kuomintang. He was among the Chinese nationalists in Japan who were influenced by Russian anarchism, and published a number of articles in journals edited by Zhang Renjie, Wu Zhihui, and the group of Chinese anarchists in Paris.
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