Hu Hanmin

Hu Hanmin (traditional Chinese: ; simplified Chinese: 胡汉民; pinyin: Hú Hànmín; born in Panyu, Guangdong, China, December 9, 1879 – Guangdong, China, May 12, 1936) was one of the early conservative right factional leaders in the Kuomintang (KMT) during revolutionary China.

Hu was of Hakka ancestry from Ji'an, Jiangxi. His father had moved to Panyu, Guangdong to take up an official post. He was qualified as juren at 21 years of age. He studied in Japan starting in 1902, and joined Tongmenghui as an editor of Minbao in 1905. From 1907 to 1910, he participated in several armed revolutions. Shortly after Xinhai Revolution in 1911, he was appointed the governor of Guangdong and chief secretary of the Provisional Government. He participated in the Second Revolution in 1913, and followed Sun Yat-sen to Japan after the failure of that revolution. There they established the Chinese Revolutionary Party. Hu lived in Guangdong between 1917 and 1921 and worked for Sun Yat-sen, as the minister of transportation first and principal consultant later.

Hu was elected to be a central executive committee member in the first conference of Kuomintang in January, 1924. In September, he acted as vice generalissimo, when Sun Yat-sen left Guangzhou to Shaoguan. Sun died in Beijing in March, 1925, and Hu was one of the three most powerful figures in Kuomintang. The other two were Wang Jingwei and Liao Zhongkai. Liao was assassinated in August of the same year, and Hu was suspected and arrested. After the Ninghan split in 1927, Hu supported Chiang Kai-shek and was head of the Legislative Yuan in Nanjing.

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