Huang Xing
| Huang Xing | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Nickname(s) | Eight Fingered General |
| Born |
24 October 1874 Changsha, Great Qing |
| Died | 31 October 1916 (aged 42) Shanghai, Republic of China |
| Allegiance | Tongmenghui, Kuomintang |
| Service/branch | Tongmenghui |
| Years of service | 1894-1912 |
| Rank | General |
| Battles/wars | Xinhai Revolution |
| Relations | Liao Danru (wife) |
| Huang Xing | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 黃興 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 黄兴 | ||||||||
|
|||||||||
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Huáng Xīng |
| Wade–Giles | Huang Hsing |
Huang Xing or Huang Hsing (simplified Chinese: 黄兴; traditional Chinese: 黃興; pinyin: Huáng Xìng; 25 October 1874 – 31 October 1916) was a Chinese revolutionary leader and statesman, and the first army commander-in-chief of the Republic of China. As one of the founders of the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Republic of China, his position was second only to Sun Yat-sen. Together they were known as Sun-Huang during the Xinhai Revolution. He was also known as the "Eight Fingered General" because of wounds sustained during war. His tomb is on Mount Yuelu, in Changsha, Hunan, China.
Huang was born in the village of Gaotang, now part of Changsha, Hunan. Like many other Chinese men born before 1949, Huang was known by many different names during his life. His birth name was "Huang Zhen", but this was later changed to "Huang Xing". He was also known as "Huang Keqiang" and "Qing Wu". In the period after 1911 he also used the names "Li Youqing" and "Zhang Shouzheng".
Huang Xing began his studies at the prestigious South Changsha Academy in 1893, and received his Jinshi degree when he was only 22 years old. In 1898 Huang was selected to complete further study at Wuchang Lianghu College, from which Huang graduated in 1901. In 1902 Huang was selected by Zhang Zhidong to study abroad in Japan, and was enrolled in the Tokyo Hongwen University.
While in Japan, Huang developed an appreciation for the study of military affairs, and studied modern warfare under a Japanese officer in his leisure time. While living in Japan Huang practiced horsemanship and shooting every morning. Huang's military training in Japan prepared him for his later role as a Chinese revolutionary.
In 1903, Huang organized the Anti-Russia Volunteer Army (Chinese: 拒俄義勇隊; pinyin: Jù-É Yìyǒngduì) of over two hundred fellow students in Japan. The Army, quickly shut down by authorities in Japan, was intended to protest Russia's growing hegemony over Outer Mongolia and its occupation of northeast China after the Boxer Uprising. Later in 1903 Huang returned to China and organized a meeting with Chen Tianhua, Song Jiaoren, and more than 20 other people. The group founded the Huaxinghui, a secret revolutionary party dedicated to the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty. Huang Xing was elected president.
...
Wikipedia