Changsha
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Changsha 长沙市 |
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| Prefecture-level city | |
Clockwise from top: Skyline of Changsha, Yuehu Park, Huangxing South Pedestrian Street, Aiwan Pavillion
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| Nickname(s): "星城" (Star City) | |
| Motto: "心忧天下，敢为人先" (Care About the World, Dare to Be Pioneer) |
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.png) Location of Changsha City in Hunan |
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 Changsha
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| Coordinates: 28°11′46″N 112°58′20″E / 28.19611°N 112.97222°ECoordinates: 28°11′46″N 112°58′20″E / 28.19611°N 112.97222°E | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Hunan |
| Municipal seat | Yuelu District |
| Divisions | 9 County-level divisions, 172 Township divisions |
| Government | |
| • Party Secretary | Yi Lianhong |
| • Mayor | Hu Henghua |
| Area | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 11,819 km2 (4,563 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,917 km2 (740 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 3,914 km2 (1,511 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 63 m (207 ft) |
| Population (2015) | |
| • Prefecture-level city | 7,431,800 |
| • Density | 630/km2 (1,600/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 5,288,800 |
| • Urban density | 2,800/km2 (7,100/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 4,597,134 |
| • Metro density | 1,200/km2 (3,000/sq mi) |
| • Rank in China | 19th |
| Ethnicity | |
| • Han | 99.22% |
| • Minorities | 0.78% |
| Time zone | China Standard (UTC+8) |
| Postal code | 410000 |
| Area code(s) | 0731 |
| GDP Total (2015) |
CNY 851 billion (US$137 billion) |
| GDP per capita (2015) |
CNY 115,443 (US$18,535) |
| GDP growth rate |
 9.9% |
| License Plate |
湘A 湘O (police and authorities) |
| ISO 3166-2 | cn-43-01 |
| City tree | Camphor |
| City flower | Azalea |
| Languages | Mandarin, Hunanese |
| Website | www.changsha.gov.cn |
Changsha ( tsã13 sɔ33 sɿ21; simplified Chinese: 长沙; traditional Chinese: 長沙; pinyin: Chángshā ) is the capital of Hunan province, south central China. It covers 11,819 km2 (4,563 sq mi) and is bordered by Yueyang and Yiyang to the north, Loudi to the west, Xiangtan and Zhuzhou to the south, Yichun and Pingxiang of Jiangxi province to the east. According to 2010 Census, Changsha had 7,044,118 residents, constituting 10.72% of the province's population.
Changsha is located in the Xiang River valley plain, bordering on Luoxiao Mountains on the east, Wuling Mountains on the west, edging in Dongting Lake on the north and bounded on the south by Hengshan Mountains. It has a moist monsoon climate of the subtropical zone. The average annual air temperature is 16.8–17.3 °C and the rainfall 1,358.6–1,552.5 mm.
Changsha is a famous historical and cultural city with a history of over 3,000 years. Changsha is famous for that it was the capital of Changsha State in the Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD), and the capital of Chu State (907–951) in Ten Kingdoms period. The lacquerware and Silk Texts recovered from Mawangdui (2nd century BC) there are an indication of the richness of local craft traditions. In 1904, Changsha was opened to foreign trade, and large numbers of Europeans and Americans settled there. Changsha was the site of Mao Zedong's conversion to communism. It was also the scene of major battles in the Sino-Japanese War (1931–1945) and was briefly occupied by the Japanese. Nowadays, Changsha is an important commercial, manufacturing and transportation center in China.
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