New towns

A planned community, or planned city, is any community that was carefully planned from its inception and is typically constructed in a previously undeveloped area. This contrasts with settlements that evolve in a more ad hoc fashion. Land use conflicts are less frequent in these communities. The term new town refers to planned communities of the new towns movement in particular, mainly in the United Kingdom. It was also common in the European colonization of the Americas to build according to a plan either on fresh ground or on the ruins of earlier Native American cities.

The first entirely planned city in the world was the capital city of Malta, Valletta. It was planned after the Great Siege of Malta, in 1565, and was regulated by the Ufficio delle Case (Housing Office). The fortified city, previously an agricultural estate, was built with a grid-like plan. It still is the oldest, still habituated, planned community in the World.

Several of the world's capital cities are planned cities, including Canberra in Australia, Brasília in Brazil, Belmopan in Belize, New Delhi in India, Abuja in Nigeria, Astana in Kazakhstan, Naypyidaw in Burma, Islamabad in Pakistan, Ankara in Turkey and Washington, D.C., in the United States. In Egypt, a new capital city east of Cairo has been proposed. The federal administrative centre of Malaysia, Putrajaya, is also a planned city.

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