Irrigation statistics

This page shows statistical data on irrigation of agricultural lands worldwide.
Irrigation is the artificial abstraction of water from a source followed by the distribution of it at scheme level aiming at application at field level to enhance crop production when rainfall is scarce.

The appended table gives an overview of irrigated areas in the world in 2003
Only the countries with more than 10 million ha of irrigated land are mentioned.

(*) Including India, China and Pakistan

There are 4 countries with 5 to 10 million ha irrigated land: Iran (7.7), Mexico (6.3), Turkey (5.1), and Thailand (5.0).

The 16 countries with 2 to 5 million ha irrigated land are: Bangladesh (4.7), Indonesia (4.5), Russia (4.5), Uzbekistan (4.3), Spain (3.8), Brazil (3.5), Iraq (3.5), Egypt (3.4), Romania (3.0), Vietnam (3.0), Italy (2.8), France (2.6), Japan (2.6), Australia (2.6), Ukraine (2.3), and Kazakhstan (2.1)

94% of the application methods of irrigation water at field level is of the category surface irrigation, whereby the water is spread over the field by gravity.

Of the remaining 6%, the majority is irrigated by methods requiring energy, expensive hydraulic pressure techniques and pipe systems like sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation, for the major part in the USA. The source of irrigation water in these cases often is groundwater from aquifers. However, the exploitation of aquifers can also be combined with surface irrigation at field level.

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