Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China 中華人民共和國香港特別行政區
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City flower
Bauhinia blakeana (洋紫荊) |
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Location of Hong Kong
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| Status | Special administrative region | ||||
| Official languages | |||||
| Official scripts | |||||
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| Demonym | |||||
| Sovereign state | People's Republic of China | ||||
| Government | Multi-party system | ||||
| Leung Chun-ying | |||||
| Geoffrey Ma | |||||
| Matthew Cheung | |||||
| Paul Chan Mo-po | |||||
| Rimsky Yuen | |||||
| Andrew Leung | |||||
| Legislature | Legislative Council | ||||
| History | |||||
| 26 January 1841 | |||||
| 29 August 1842 | |||||
| 18 October 1860 | |||||
| 1 July 1898 | |||||
| 25 December 1941 to 15 August 1945 |
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1 July 1997 |
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| Area | |||||
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• Total
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2,755 km2 (1,064 sq mi) (167th) | ||||
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• Water (%)
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59.8 (1,649 km2; 637 sq mi) | ||||
| Population | |||||
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• 2014 estimate
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7,234,800 (100th) | ||||
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• Density
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6,544/km2 (16,948.9/sq mi) (4th) | ||||
| GDP (PPP) | 2015 estimate | ||||
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• Total
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$412.300 billion (44th) | ||||
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• Per capita
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$56,428 (10th) | ||||
| GDP (nominal) | 2015 estimate | ||||
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• Total
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$310.074 billion (36th) | ||||
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• Per capita
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$42,437 (18th) | ||||
| Gini (2011) | 53.7 high |
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| HDI (2014) |
 0.910very high · 12th |
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| Currency | Hong Kong dollar (HK$) (HKD) | ||||
| Time zone | (UTC+8) | ||||
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• Summer (DST)
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not observed (UTC+8) | ||||
| Date format |
dd-mm-yyyy yyyy年mm月dd日 |
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| Drives on the | left | ||||
| Calling code | +852 | ||||
| ISO 3166 code | HK | ||||
| Internet TLD | .hk .香港 | ||||
| Hong Kong | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Clockwise from top:Skyline of Hong Kong Island from the Peak, Tian Tan Buddha, Two International Finance Centre, Kennedy Town, Nathan Road, Avenue of Stars, Government House and Tsing Ma Bridge
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| Chinese | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Cantonese Yale | Hēunggóng or Hèunggóng | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | Fragrant Harbour | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Hong Kong Special Administrative Region | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | (香港特區) |
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| Simplified Chinese | (香港特区) |
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| Cantonese Yale | Hēunggóng Dahkbiht Hàhngjingkēui (Hēunggóng Dahkkēui) or Hèunggóng Dahkbiht Hàhngjingkèui (Hèunggóng Dahkkèui) |
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| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Xiānggǎng |
| Bopomofo | ㄒㄧㄤ ㄍㄤˇ |
| Gwoyeu Romatzyh | Shianggaang |
| Wade–Giles | Hsiang1-kang3 |
| Yale Romanization | Syānggǎng |
| IPA | [ɕjáŋ.kàŋ] |
| Wu | |
| Romanization | shian平kaon上 |
| Hakka | |
| Romanization | Hiong1gong3 |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | Hēunggóng or Hèunggóng |
| IPA | [hœ́ːŋ.kɔ̌ːŋ] or [hœ̂ːŋ.kɔ̌ːŋ] |
| Jyutping | Hoeng1gong2 |
| Canton Romanization | Hêng1gong2 |
| Southern Min | |
| Hokkien POJ | Hiong-kang |
| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Xiānggǎng Tèbié Xíngzhèngqū (Xiānggǎng Tèqū) |
| Bopomofo | ㄒㄧㄤ ㄍㄤˇ ㄊㄜˋ ㄅㄧㄝˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄑㄩ (ㄒㄧㄤ ㄍㄤˇ ㄊㄜˋ ㄑㄩ) |
| Gwoyeu Romatzyh | Shianggaang Tehbye Shyngjenqchiu (Shianggaang Tehchiu) |
| Wade–Giles | Hsiang1-kang3 Tʻê4-pieh2 Hsing2-chêng4-chʻü1 (Hsiang1-kang3 T'e4-ch'ü1) |
| Yale Romanization | Syāngggǎng Tèbyé Syíngjèngchyū (Syānggǎng Tèchyū) |
| IPA |
[ɕjáŋ.kàŋ tʰɤ̂.pjě ɕǐŋ.ʈʂə̂ŋ.tɕʰý] ([ɕjáŋ.kàŋ tʰɤ̂.tɕʰý]) |
| Wu | |
| Romanization | shian平kaon上 deh入bih入 ghan平tsen去chiu平 (shian平kaon上 deh入chiu平) |
| Hakka | |
| Romanization | Hiong1gong3 Tet6piet6 Hang2zin4ki1 (Hiong1gong3 Tet6ki1) |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | Hēunggóng Dahkbiht Hàhngjingkēui (Hēunggóng Dahkkēui) or Hèunggóng Dahkbiht Hàhngjingkèui (Hèunggóng Dahkkèui) |
| IPA |
[hœ́ːŋ.kɔ̌ːŋ tɐ̀k̚.pìːt̚ hɐ̏ŋ.tsēŋ.kʰɵ́y̯] ([hœ́ːŋ.kɔ̌ːŋ tɐ̀k̚.kʰɵ́y̯]) or [hœ̂ːŋ.kɔ̌ːŋ tɐ̀k̚.pìːt̚ hɐ̏ŋ.tsēŋ.kʰɵ̂y̯] ([hœ̂ːŋ.kɔ̌ːŋ tɐ̀k̚.kʰɵ̂y̯]) |
| Jyutping | Hoeng1gong2 Dak6bit6 Hang4zing3keoi1 (Hoeng1gong2 Dak6keoi1) |
| Canton Romanization | Hêng1gong2 Deg6bid6 Heng4jing3kêu1 (Hêng1gong2 Deg6kêu1) |
| Southern Min | |
| Hokkien POJ | Hiong-kang Te̍k-pia̍t Hêng-chèng-khu (Hiong-kang Te̍k-khu) |
Hong Kong (Chinese: ; literally: "Fragrant Harbour" or "Incense Harbour"), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, is an autonomous territory on the Pearl River Delta of East Asia.Macau lies across the delta to the west, and the Chinese province of Guangdong borders the territory to the north. With a total land area of 1,106 square kilometres (427 sq mi) and a population of over 7.3 million of various nationalities, it ranks as the world's fourth most densely populated sovereign state or territory.
After the First Opium War (1839–42), Hong Kong became a British colony with the perpetual cession of Hong Kong Island, followed by the Kowloon Peninsula in 1860 and a 99-year lease of the New Territories from 1898. Hong Kong was later occupied by Japan during World War II until British control resumed in 1945. In the early 1980s, negotiations between the United Kingdom and China resulted in the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration, which paved way for the transfer of sovereignty of Hong Kong in 1997, when it became a special administrative region (SAR) with a high degree of autonomy.
Under the principle of "one country, two systems", Hong Kong maintains a separate political and economic system from China. Except in military defence and foreign affairs, Hong Kong maintains its independent executive, legislative and judiciary powers. In addition, Hong Kong develops relations directly with foreign states and international organisations in a broad range of "appropriate fields".
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