Gibraltar |
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Location of Gibraltar (dark green)
– in Europe (green & dark grey) |
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Map of Gibraltar
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Status | British Overseas Territory | ||||
Capital | Gibraltar 36°8′N 5°21′W / 36.133°N 5.350°W |
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Largest district (by population) |
Westside | ||||
Official languages | English | ||||
Spoken languages | |||||
Ethnic groups |
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Demonym | Gibraltarian Llanito (colloquial) |
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Government | Representative democratic parliamentary dependency under constitutional monarchy | ||||
• Monarch
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Elizabeth II | ||||
• Governor
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Ed Davis | ||||
Fabian Picardo | |||||
Legislature | Parliament | ||||
Formation | |||||
• Captured
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4 August 1704 | ||||
• Ceded
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11 April 1713 | ||||
10 September | |||||
• Joined the EEC
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1 January 1973b | ||||
Area | |||||
• Total
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6.8 km2 (2.6 sq mi) (241st) | ||||
• Water (%)
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0 | ||||
Population | |||||
• 2015 estimate
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32,194 (222nd) | ||||
• Density
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4,328/km2 (11,209.5/sq mi) (5th) | ||||
GDP (PPP) | 2013 estimate | ||||
• Total
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£1.64 billion | ||||
• Per capita
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£50,941 (n/a) | ||||
HDI (2015) | 0.861 very high · 40th |
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Currency | Gibraltar pound (£)c (GIP) | ||||
Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | ||||
• Summer (DST)
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CEST (UTC+2) | ||||
Date format | dd/mm/yyyy | ||||
Drives on the | rightd | ||||
Calling code | +350e | ||||
Patron saint | |||||
ISO 3166 code | GI | ||||
Internet TLD | .gif | ||||
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– in Europe (green & dark grey)
– in the European Union (green)
Gibraltar (/dʒᵻˈbrɒltər/ jə-BROL-tər; Spanish pronunciation: [xiβɾalˈtaɾ]) is a British Overseas Territory located on the southern end of the Iberian Peninsula. It has an area of 6.7 km2 (2.6 sq mi) and shares its northern border with Spain. The Rock of Gibraltar is the major landmark of the region. At its foot is a densely populated city area, home to over 30,000 Gibraltarians and other nationalities.
An Anglo-Dutch force captured Gibraltar from Spain in 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession on behalf of the Habsburg claim to the Spanish throne. The territory was subsequently ceded to Great Britain "in perpetuity" under the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. During World War II it was an important base for the Royal Navy as it controlled the entrance and exit to the Mediterranean Sea, which is only eight miles (13 km) wide at this point. Today Gibraltar's economy is based largely on tourism, online gambling, financial services, and shipping.