Emperor Taizu of Jin
| Emperor Taizu of Jin | |||||||||||||||||
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| Emperor of the Jin dynasty | |||||||||||||||||
| Reign | 28 January 1115 – 19 September 1123 | ||||||||||||||||
| Born | 1 August 1068 | ||||||||||||||||
| Died | 19 September 1123 (aged 55) | ||||||||||||||||
| Spouse | Empress Shengmu Empress Guangyi Empress Qinxian Empress Xuanxian Consort Yuan Consort Chong Dunuke |
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| Issue |
Sons: Shengguo Wulie Moliye Woben Wolibu Eluguan Elu Eliduo Eluduo Wuzhu Alu Alubu Xinilie Ningji Yansun Wohu Daughters: Wulu Princess of Bi Pucha Shijianu's wife |
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| Father | Helibo | ||||||||||||||||
| Mother | Lady Nalan | ||||||||||||||||
| Full name | |
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| Wanyan Min (sinicised name) Aguda (Jurchen name) |
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| Era dates | |
| Shouguo (收國; 1115–1116) Tianfu (天輔; 1117–1123) |
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| Posthumous name | |
| Emperor Yingqian Yuyun Zhaode Dinggong Renming Zhuangxiao Dasheng Wuyuan (應乾興運昭德定功仁明莊孝大聖武元皇帝) | |
| Temple name | |
| Taizu (太祖) |
| Emperor Taizu of Jin | |||||||
| Chinese | 金太祖 | ||||||
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| Wanyan Aguda | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 阿骨打 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 阿骨打 | ||||||
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| Wanyan Min | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 完顏旻 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 完颜旻 | ||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Jīn Tàizǔ |
| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Āgǔdǎ |
| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Wányán Mín |
Emperor Taizu of Jin (August 1, 1068 – September 19, 1123), personal name Aguda, sinicised name Wanyan Min, was the founder and first emperor of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty, which ruled northern China between the 12th and 13th centuries. He was initially the chieftain of the Wanyan tribe, the most dominant among the Jurchen tribes which were subjects of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty. Starting in 1114, Aguda united the Jurchen tribes under his rule and rebelled against the Liao dynasty. A year later, he declared himself emperor and established the Jin dynasty. By the time of his death, the Jin dynasty had conquered most of the Liao dynasty's territories and emerged as a major power in northern China. In 1145, he was posthumously honoured with the temple name Taizu by his descendant, Emperor Xizong.
The name [Wanyan] Aguda is transcribed [Wan-yen] A-ku-ta in Wade-Giles; the alternative but official spelling Akutta (possibly from reconstruction of Jurchen language) appears in a very small number of books as well.
Aguda was the second son of Helibo, the chieftain of the Wanyan tribe. His mother was a daughter of the chieftain of the Nalan (拏懶) tribe. He was born in 1068 near the Ashi River within present-day Harbin, Heilongjiang Province. He was well-known within his tribe for his bravery, and had participated in numerous campaigns against rival Jurchen tribes at the command of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty. In 1109, during the height of a widespread famine, Aguda assisted his father in absorbing famished warriors from other Jurchen tribes to strengthen his own tribe. Later, he fought wars against other Jurchen tribes and succeeded to unify all Jurchens under the Wanyan tribe's leadership. In 1113, Aguda succeeded his elder brother, Wuyashu, as the leader of his tribe. Like other Jurchens, Aguda loathed what he considered the exploitation of his tribesmen by corrupt Liao officials. In 1122, when the Liao ruler, Emperor Tianzuo, went on a fishing expedition in Jurchen territory, he ordered all the chieftains to dance for him. Aguda became famous among the Jurchens when he was the only person who defied the order.
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