Emperor Xizong of Jin
| Emperor Xizong of Jin | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
|||||||||||||||||
| Emperor of the Jin dynasty | |||||||||||||||||
| Reign | 10 February 1135 – 9 January 1150 | ||||||||||||||||
| Born | 28 February 1119 | ||||||||||||||||
| Died | 9 January 1150 (aged 30) | ||||||||||||||||
| Spouse |
Empress Daoping Samao Consort Xian Consort De Lady Jiagu Lady Zhang Lady Peiman Zhao Jingu Zhao Saiyue Zhao Feiyan Zhao Yuqiang Zhao Yupan Zhao Jinnu Zhao Chuanzhu Zhao Jinyin Zhao Tanxiang |
||||||||||||||||
| Issue |
Sons: Wanyan Ji'an Wanyan Daoji Daughters: Princess of Zheng Princess of Ji Princess of Dai daughter Princess of Liang Princess of Shen |
||||||||||||||||
|
|||||||||||||||||
| Father | Wanyan Zongjun | ||||||||||||||||
| Mother | Lady Pucha | ||||||||||||||||
| Full name | |
|---|---|
| Wanyan Dan (sinicised name) Hela (Jurchen name) |
|
| Era dates | |
| Tianhui (天會; 1135–1138) Tianjuan (天眷; 1138–1141) Huangtong (皇統; 1141–1149) |
|
| Posthumous name | |
| Emperor Hongji Zuanwu Zhuangjing Xiaocheng (弘基纘武莊靖孝成皇帝) (after 1179) Emperor Wuling (武靈皇帝) (1161–1179) Prince Donghun (東昏王) (1150–1161) |
|
| Temple name | |
| Xizong (熙宗) (after 1187) Minzong (閔宗) (1161–1187) |
| Emperor Xizong of Jin | |||||||
| Chinese | 金熙宗 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|||||||
| Hela | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 合剌 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 合剌 | ||||||
|
|||||||
| Wanyan Dan | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 完顏亶 | ||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 完颜亶 | ||||||
|
|||||||
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Jīn Xīzōng |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Hélá |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Wányán Dǎn |
Emperor Xizong of Jin (28 February 1119 – 9 January 1150), personal name Hela, sinicised name Wanyan Dan, was the third emperor of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty, which ruled northern China between the 12th and 13th centuries. He reigned for about 15 years from 1135 to 1150. During his reign, the Jin dynasty launched several military campaigns against the Han Chinese-led Southern Song dynasty in southern China.
Hela was the eldest son of Shengguo (繩果; also known as Wanyan Zongjun 完顏宗峻), the eldest son of Aguda (Emperor Taizu), the founder and first emperor of the Jin dynasty. His mother was Lady Pucha (蒲察氏), whom he posthumously honoured as "Empress Huizhao" (惠昭皇后). When Emperor Taizu died in 1123, the throne was passed on to his younger brother, Wuqimai (Emperor Taizong). Wanyan Zonghan and Wanyan Xiyin, who used to be Emperor Taizu's chief advisers, convinced Emperor Taizong to designate Hela as his heir apparent (anban bojilie; 諳班勃極烈) in 1132, so Hela became the new emperor in 1135 when Emperor Taizong died.
In 1137, Emperor Xizong abolished the Qi kingdom, a vassal state of the Jin dynasty ruled by Liu Yu (劉豫), a former Song dynasty official. The Jin dynasty started peace negotiations with the Southern Song dynasty. In 1139, the Jin and Song dynasties arrived at a treaty, with the latter agreeing to be a tributary vassal state under the former. In return, the Jin dynasty returned control of Henan and Shaanxi provinces to the Song dynasty. However, in 1140, Emperor Xizong decided to wage war against the Song dynasty so he ordered the general Wanyan Zongbi to lead Jin forces to attack and seize back Henan and Shaanxi. In 1141, Wanyan Zongbi and his army were defeated by Song forces led by Yue Fei and Han Shizhong; the Jin dynasty agreed to negotiate for peace again with the Song dynasty.
...
Wikipedia