Yue Fei
| Yue Fei | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Native name | 岳飛 |
| Born |
24 March 1103 Tangyin, Anyang, Henan, China |
| Died | 27 January 1142 (aged 38) Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China |
| Allegiance | Song dynasty |
| Years of service | 1122–1142 |
| Battles/wars | Song–Jin wars |
| Yue Fei | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 岳飛 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 岳飞 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Yuè Fēi |
| Wade–Giles | Yüeh4 Fei1 |
| IPA | [ɥê féi] |
| Wu | |
| Suzhounese | Ngóh Fi |
| Gan | |
| Romanization | Ngok5 Fi1 |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Jyutping | Ngok6 Fei1 |
| Southern Min | |
| Tâi-lô | Ga̍k Hui |
Yue Fei (24 March 1103 – 27 January 1142), courtesy name Pengju, was a Han Chinese military general who lived during the Southern Song dynasty. His ancestral home was in Xiaoti, Yonghe Village, Tangyin, Xiangzhou, Henan (in present-day Tangyin County, Anyang, Henan). He is best known for leading Southern Song forces in the wars in the 12th century between Southern Song and the Jurchen-ruled Jin dynasty in northern China before being put to death by the Southern Song government in 1142. He was granted the posthumous name Wumu by Emperor Xiaozong in 1169, and later granted the posthumous title King of È (鄂王) by Emperor Ningzong in 1211. Widely seen as a patriot and national folk hero in China, since his death Yue Fei has evolved into a standard epitome of loyalty in Chinese culture.
A biography of Yue Fei, the Eguo Jintuo Zubian (鄂國金佗稡编), was written 60 years after his death by his grandson, the poet and historian Yue Ke (岳柯) (1183-post 1240). In 1346 it was incorporated into the History of Song, a 496-chapter record of historical events and biographies of noted Song dynasty individuals, compiled by Yuan dynasty prime minister Toqto'a and others. Yue Fei's biography is found in the 365th chapter of the book and is numbered biography 124. Some later historians including Deng Guangming (1907–1998) now doubt the veracity of many of Yue Ke's claims about his grandfather.
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