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Amaranths

Amaranthus
Amaranthus tricolor0.jpg
A. tricolor
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Core eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Amaranthaceae
Subfamily: Amaranthoideae
Genus: Amaranthus
L.
Species

See text

Amaranth, uncooked
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy 1,554 kJ (371 kcal)
65.25 g
Starch 57.27 g
Sugars 1.69 g
Dietary fiber 6.7 g
7.02 g
Saturated 1.459 g
Monounsaturated 1.685 g
Polyunsaturated 2.778 g
13.56 g
Tryptophan 0.181 g
Threonine 0.558 g
Isoleucine 0.582 g
Leucine 0.879 g
Lysine 0.747 g
Methionine 0.226 g
Cystine 0.191 g
Phenylalanine 0.542 g
Tyrosine 0.329 g
Valine 0.679 g
Arginine 1.060 g
Histidine 0.389 g
Alanine 0.799 g
Aspartic acid 1.261 g
Glutamic acid 2.259 g
Glycine 1.636 g
Proline 0.698 g
Serine 1.148 g
Vitamins
Thiamine (B1)
(10%)
0.116 mg
Riboflavin (B2)
(17%)
0.2 mg
Niacin (B3)
(6%)
0.923 mg
Pantothenic acid (B5)
(29%)
1.457 mg
Vitamin B6
(45%)
0.591 mg
Folate (B9)
(21%)
82 μg
Vitamin C
(5%)
4.2 mg
Vitamin E
(8%)
1.19 mg
Minerals
Calcium
(16%)
159 mg
Iron
(59%)
7.61 mg
Magnesium
(70%)
248 mg
Manganese
(159%)
3.333 mg
Phosphorus
(80%)
557 mg
Potassium
(11%)
508 mg
Sodium
(0%)
4 mg
Zinc
(30%)
2.87 mg
Other constituents
water 11.13 g

Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults.
Source: USDA Nutrient Database

See text

Amaranthus, collectively known as amaranth, is a cosmopolitan genus of annual or short-lived perennial plants. Some amaranth species are cultivated as leaf vegetables, pseudocereals, and ornamental plants. Most of the Amaranthus species are summer annual weeds and are commonly referred to as pigweed.Catkin-like cymes of densely packed flowers grow in summer or autumn. Approximately 60 species are recognized, with inflorescences and foliage ranging from purple, through red and green to gold. Members of this genus share many characteristics and uses with members of the closely related genus Celosia.

"Amaranth" derives from Greek ἀμάραντος (amárantos), "unfading", with the Greek word for "flower", ἄνθος (ánthos), factoring into the word's development as amaranth. The more accurate amarant is an archaic variant.

Amaranthus shows a wide variety of morphological diversity among and even within certain species. Although the family (Amaranthaceae) is distinctive, the genus has few distinguishing characters among the 70 species included. This complicates taxonomy and Amaranthus has generally been considered among systematists as a "difficult" genus.

Formerly, Sauer (1955) classified the genus into two subgenera, differentiating only between monoecious and dioecious species: Acnida (L.) Aellen ex K.R. Robertson and Amaranthus. Although this classification was widely accepted, further infrageneric classification was (and still is) needed to differentiate this widely diverse group.


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