Yixuan, Prince Chun
| Yixuan | |||||||||
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| Prince Chun of the First Rank | |||||||||
Yixuan
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| Prince Chun of the First Rank | |||||||||
| Tenure | 1872–1891 | ||||||||
| Successor | Zaifeng | ||||||||
| Born |
16 October 1840 Beijing, China |
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| Died | 1 January 1891 (aged 50) Beijing, China |
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| Spouse |
Yehenara Wanzhen Secondary spouses: Lady Yanja Lady Lingiya Lady Ligiya |
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| Issue |
Sons: Zaihan Zaitian Third son Zaiguang Zaifeng Zaixun Zaitao Daughters: Eldest daughter Second daughter Third daughter |
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| House | House of Aisin-Gioro | ||||||||
| Father | Daoguang Emperor | ||||||||
| Mother | Imperial Noble Consort Zhuangshun | ||||||||
| Full name | |
|---|---|
| Aisin-Gioro Yixuan (愛新覺羅·奕譞) |
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| Posthumous name | |
| Prince Chunxian of the First Rank (醇賢親王) |
| Yixuan | |||||||||
| Chinese | 奕譞 | ||||||||
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| Prince Chun | |||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 醇親王 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 醇亲王 | ||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
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| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Yìxuān |
| Wade–Giles | I-hsüan |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Chún Qīnwáng |
| Wade–Giles | Ch'un Chin-wang |
Yixuan (16 October 1840 – 1 January 1891), formally known as Prince Chun, was an imperial prince of the Aisin Gioro clan and a statesman of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty in China. He was the father of the Guangxu Emperor (his second son), and the paternal grandfather of Puyi (the Last Emperor) through his fifth son Zaifeng.
Yixuan was born in the Aisin Gioro clan as the seventh son of the Daoguang Emperor. His mother was Lady Uya (烏雅氏). Four months after his birth, Lady Uya, a concubine of the Daoguang Emperor who was recently promoted to "Noble Lady Lin" (琳貴人), was further elevated to the status of "Imperial Concubine Lin" (琳嬪), a rare distinction. Lady Uya's rapid rise through the ranks continued, and she was promoted to "Consort Lin" (琳妃) and "Noble Consort Lin" (琳貴妃) in 1842 and 1846 respectively. The Tongzhi Emperor granted her the posthumous title "Imperial Noble Consort Zhuangshun" (莊順皇貴妃), making her second only to the Empress.
In February 1850, after the Daoguang Emperor's death, Yixuan's fourth brother, Yizhu, ascended the throne and became historically known as the Xianfeng Emperor. The Xianfeng Emperor made Yixuan a junwang (second-rank prince) under the title "Prince Chun of the Second Rank" (醇郡王). Yixuan kept a low profile in politics throughout the Xianfeng Emperor's 11-year reign.
In 1860, by the Xianfeng Emperor's decree, Yixuan married Wanzhen of the Yehenara clan, who was a younger sister of Noble Consort Yi, one of the Xianfeng Emperor's consorts. The marriage forged a close bond between Yixuan and Noble Consort Yi. Emperor Xianfeng died in August 1861, leaving the throne to his five year old son, Zaichun, who would reign as the Emperor Tongzhi. On Xianfeng's death, a power struggle emerged over the regency for the emperor, with one faction led by Sushun, and Princes Duanhua and Zaiyuan, and another faction led by Yixuan's sixth brother, Prince Gong, as well as Xianfeng's empress, honored with the title of Empress Dowager Ci'an, and Noble Consort Yi, the mother of the new emperor, honored with the title of Empress Dowager Cixi. In November 1861, Yixuan sided with Prince Gong and the two dowager empresses and launched the Xinyou Coup to seize the regency from Sushun and his faction. Yixuan personally led imperial forces to arrest Sushun and bring him back to Beijing, where he was executed.
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