Full name
Chinese: 愛新覺羅·載淳; pinyin: Àixīn-Juéluó Zǎichún Manchu: Aisin-Gioro Dzai Šun
Era name and dates
Qixiang (祺祥) (not used) Tongzhi (同治) Manchu: Yooningga dasan Mongolian: Burintu Zasagchi Khagan: 30 January 1862 – 5 February 1875
Posthumous name
Emperor Jitian Kaiyun Shouzhong Juzheng Baoda Dinggong Shengzhi Chengxiao Xinmin Gongkuan Yi (繼天開運受中居正保大定功聖智誠孝信敏恭寬毅皇帝)
Temple name
Qing Muzong (清穆宗)

House

Aisin Gioro

Father

Xianfeng Emperor

Mother

Empress Dowager Cixi

Full name
Chinese: 愛新覺羅·載淳; pinyin: Àixīn-Juéluó Zǎichún Manchu: Aisin-Gioro Dzai Šun
Era name and dates
Qixiang (祺祥) (not used) Tongzhi (同治) Manchu: Yooningga dasan Mongolian: Burintu Zasagchi Khagan: 30 January 1862 – 5 February 1875
Posthumous name
Emperor Jitian Kaiyun Shouzhong Juzheng Baoda Dinggong Shengzhi Chengxiao Xinmin Gongkuan Yi (繼天開運受中居正保大定功聖智誠孝信敏恭寬毅皇帝)
Temple name
Qing Muzong (清穆宗)

Tongzhi Emperor

Chinese

同治帝

Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Tóngzhì Dì
Wade–Giles	T'ung-chih Ti

Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Tóngzhì Dì
Wade–Giles	T'ung-chih Ti

The Tongzhi Emperor (27 April 1856 – 12 January 1875), born Zaichun of the Aisin Gioro clan, was the tenth emperor of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty, and the eighth Qing emperor to rule over China. His reign, from 1861 to 1875, which effectively lasted through his adolescence, was largely overshadowed by the rule of his mother, Empress Dowager Cixi. Although he had little influence over state affairs, the events of his reign gave rise to what historians call the "Tongzhi Restoration", an unsuccessful attempt to stabilise and modernise China.

The only surviving son of the Xianfeng Emperor and Empress Dowager Cixi, the Tongzhi Emperor attempted political reform in the period of the Tongzhi Restoration. His first regnal name was Qixiang (祺祥; Manchu: Fengšengge Sabingga), but this name was later abandoned by Cixi in favour of "Tongzhi", a contraction of the classical phrase tong gui yu zhi (同归与治; 同歸與治), which means "restoring order together". An alternate interpretation reads it as "mother and son co-emperors" (母子同治天下), which fits the state of affairs, as the empress dowager wielded real power and ruled behind the scenes. The traditional Chinese political phrase "attending audiences behind a curtain" (垂帘听政; 垂簾聽政; chuí lián tīng zhèng) was coined to describe Cixi's rule through her son.

The Tongzhi Emperor became emperor at the age of five upon the death of his father, the Xianfeng Emperor. His father's choice of regent, Sushun, was removed in favour of a partnership between his mother Empress Dowager Cixi, Empress Dowager Ci'an, and his sixth uncle Prince Gong.

...
Wikipedia