Turkey (nation)

Republic of Turkey Türkiye Cumhuriyeti  (Turkish)
Flag
Anthem:  "İstiklâl Marşı" "The Independence March"
Capital	Ankara 39°55′N 32°50′E / 39.917°N 32.833°E / 39.917; 32.833Coordinates: 39°55′N 32°50′E / 39.917°N 32.833°E / 39.917; 32.833
Largest city	Istanbul 41°1′N 28°57′E / 41.017°N 28.950°E / 41.017; 28.950
Official languages	Turkish
Spoken languages	Turkish Kurmanji Arabic Zaza Kabardian various others
Ethnic groups	Turks Kurds Arabs Laz various others
Demonym	Turkish
Government	Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic
• President	Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
• Prime Minister	Binali Yıldırım
• Speaker of the House	İsmail Kahraman
Legislature	Grand National Assembly
Formation
• War of Independence	19 May 1919
• Treaty of Lausanne	24 July 1923
• Declaration of Republic	29 October 1923
Area
• Total	783,356 km2 (302,455 sq mi) (36th)
• Water (%)	1.3
Population
• 2017 estimate	80,810,525 (16th)
• Density	105/km2 (271.9/sq mi) (107th)
GDP (PPP)	2018 estimate
• Total	$2.249 trillion (13th)
• Per capita	$27,634 (45th)
GDP (nominal)	2018 estimate
• Total	$905 billion (17th)
• Per capita	$11,124 (60th)
Gini (2013)	40.0 medium · 56th
HDI (2014)	0.761 high · 72nd
Currency	Turkish lira (₺) (TRY)
Time zone	FET (UTC+3)
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy (AD)
Drives on the	right
Calling code	+90
ISO 3166 code	TR
Internet TLD	.tr
Website www.turkiye.gov.tr

Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye [ˈtyɾcije]), officially the Republic of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti [ˈtyɾcije d͡ʒumˈhuɾijeti] ( listen)), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. Turkey is bordered by eight countries with Greece and Bulgaria to the northwest; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, the Azerbaijan and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the south. The country is encircled by seas on three sides with the Aegean Sea to the west, the Black Sea to the north, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. The Bosphorus, the Sea of Marmara, and the Dardanelles, which together form the Turkish Straits, divide Thrace and Anatolia and separate Europe and Asia.Ankara is the capital while Istanbul is the country's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre, classified as a leading global city.